25 Insightful Articles by Waqar Hassan (CSP)

                                            

#Context

1#Social media’s impact on perception, authenticity, and Social Harmony

2# Social media — a reflection of social demise

3# Education for character
4# TikTok and our youth — a national dilemma
5# Ramifications of Social Injustice
6# Addressing social downfall
7# Water crisis and national unity
8# Iqbal’s philosophy and youth’s   success
9# Social media has destroyed real-life communication
10# Water — the next flash point
11# Of enlightened citizenry
12# The challenge of functional representative democracies
13#  Of class struggle and social revolution
14# Critical thinking and our education system
15# Ways to transform our education sector
16# The water misery
17# Of careful education
18# Becoming a harmless being
19# Women's universities as agents of change
20# Extremism: A curse
21# Education for freedom 
22# Good governance: A dream gone sour?
23#Developing nations and 5th generation warfare
24# Of unjust societies
25# Character as a shield for nations

#1                       by Waqar Hassan

Social media’s impact on perception, authenticity & social harmony

 

The human intellect intricately weaves narratives as our visual faculties coalesce images, thereby crafting a cognitive tableau. These mental constructions engender perceptions that extend to individuals, objects and locales, thereby shaping our emotional responses to life’s myriad stimuli. The fabric of these perceptions, woven in the loom of our minds, profoundly influences the tapestry of our decisions and life trajectories. In the epoch preceding the ubiquity of social media, the artifice of projecting a contrived semblance of reality before others proved to be a formidable undertaking. Consequently, the art of manipulating the collective consciousness faced substantial challenges. However, with the advent of social media platforms, a paradigm shift occurred, ushering in an era where individuals could deftly fashion a fictionalized representation, thereby orchestrating pseudo-realities to sway the sentiments of the masses in their favour.

Traditionally, arbiters of public opinion, disseminating their perspectives through televised broadcasts and other channels of mass media, played a pivotal role in shaping public sentiment on matters of communal interest. These opinion influencers were regarded as bastions of reliability, as their public personas were perceived to embody authenticity. In contrast to the present milieu dominated by social media, where the act of presenting a tailored persona is commonplace, these opinion leaders held an unwavering commitment to maintaining an unadulterated identity. The very notion of disseminating information without a transparent revelation of one’s character remains inconceivable in such instances.

Nevertheless, social media has revolutionized the fabric of human interactions, albeit often in a disingenuous manner. The virtual realm crafted by social media platforms is, indeed, a realm of artifice. This is glaringly evident in the staggering numbers revealed in 2021, where Facebook purged nearly 1.3 billion spurious accounts, Instagram unveiled 95 million counterfeit profiles, and Twitter grappled with the challenge of 20 million faux identities. These statistics underscore a pervasive trend wherein individuals clandestinely construct deceptive personas online, carrying within them the potential for malevolent actions that pose a threat to societal well-being. The creation of fraudulent profiles serves as a conduit for reshaping the perceptions people harbor about others. In numerous instances, these fabricated identities are orchestrated with malicious intent, aiming to victimize individuals or disseminate false narratives against authentic personalities. Frequently, these motives stem from personal animosities that individuals harbor towards their counterparts. Furthermore, the narrative is seldom unidimensional; there exists an inherent duality to every story.

Social media, however, tends to present only one facet of a narrative, affording an undue advantage to those who skillfully craft a story against someone. The targeted individual often finds it arduous to overcome the repercussions of such false narratives. This erosion of credibility resulting from the misuse of social media is a profound consequence. Throughout the annals of human history, mechanisms have been in place within communities to address grievances. Societies have appointed judges to thwart incidents wherein an innocent soul faces unwarranted social ostracization due to someone fabricating a falsehood-laden tale against them. The essence lies in meticulous introspection of minutiae before arriving at a just conclusion. Therefore, social media should not be venerated as a dependable platform for unraveling the truth behind a given fact.

Due to its propensity for sustaining misinformation, the utilization of social media has exacerbated animosity among societal strata and fostered antipathy towards institutional structures. Individuals with anti-establishment sentiments frequently exploit social media as an ideal conduit for disseminating false narratives against the state, sowing discord among diverse social classes and sects. As these deceptive narratives persistently circulate across social media platforms, they inflict irreversible damage on the unity of the state and the cohesion of its social fabric. The perpetuation of such falsities contributes significantly to the erosion of societal integration and harmony Living in a society shaped by contemporary communication systems, it has become imperative to engage through social media platforms. However, amidst the digital landscape’s veneer of connectivity, there exist methods to shield oneself from the inherent artificiality propagated by social media. Legislation emerges as a potent tool to counteract the proliferation of fake profiles on social media. Mandating stringent laws against the creation of deceptive online personas is essential. While it is feasible to trace the IP address of a fake profile, validating the true intentions of an individual utilizing such a profile for malicious purposes remains a challenge. Concealing one’s identity to inflict harm is a reprehensible transgression that warrants swift governmental intervention. Addressing this misuse would undoubtedly bolster the credibility of social media platforms.

Leveraging technology, particularly artificial intelligence, holds paramount significance in detecting and pre-empting the dissemination of false information. Employing cutting-edge tools can mitigate this threat, fostering greater authenticity in the news shared across social media platforms. In the educational realm, the integration of social media literacy into school and university curricula is paramount. It is imperative to instill in successive generations the discernment that social media is not merely an information tool. Cultivating a sense of vigilance while navigating these platforms is crucial. Identifying purveyors of hatred on social media and subjecting their pages and profiles to scrutiny by the cyber-wing is essential. Such measures would significantly diminish the prevalence of falsity on social media, elevating its overall credibility.

It is imperative to transform our social conduct, and each individual must assume the responsibility of verifying the credibility of news before sharing it on social media platforms. This collective obligation is pivotal, and such conduct will undoubtedly enhance the reliability of social media as a platform. Above all, legislative frameworks governing content dissemination on social media are indispensable. Only content that contributes value to society should be shared, transforming social media into a genuine and constructive tool for communication. In our interconnected world, the utilization of social media is unavoidable. Yet, the responsibility lies with us to take proactive measures and ensure its reliable and authentic usage. Neglecting this duty may result in succumbing to the perils of misinformation, a malady more insidious than a pandemic, fostering chaos, hatred, and societal disintegration.

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#2                       by Waqar Hassan

Social media — a reflection of social demise

If we watch videos on different social media platforms, we often see that many videos have content that doesn’t have a purpose other than being entertaining. A lot of young people are into this and social media has become the quickest way to make money and become famous. It shows what our young people care about the most. It seems like the love for learning and wisdom is fading in our country. The younger generation has the power to change the direction of the country, but that can only happen if they understand how important knowledge is in today’s world. What would be the repercussions of videos that contain no substance on the societal, political and economic progress of the nation in a few years? It would be disastrous, indeed.

As the global landscape advances in innovation, technology and scientific breakthroughs, our young generation is heavily engrossed in creating content of little value solely for the sake of gaining fame and wealth. This utilization of social media is poised to have extensive implications in the future. The primary impact is likely to be on the cultural values adopted by our successive generations. Throughout the history of our world, the fundamental aspect crucial for the survival of civilizations has been their ability to uphold their culture and heritage. The content found on platforms like TikTok and similar social media apps scarcely contributes to the preservation of our cultural and societal values. These videos have been a catalyst for a complete reshaping of the mindsets within our young demographic, causing a gradual fading of our cultural values.

Furthermore, such videos usually lack intellectual depth. Creating content is not inherently negative, but it would be more beneficial if the content generated held intrinsic value. The consequences of disseminating such types of videos among the youth are beyond imagination. It renders our young minds intellectually inert and erodes their capacity for critical thinking. Additionally, it conveys a message to forsake educational pursuits and embrace a path that supposedly imparts social value. What’s more troubling is that the social worth that one gains by making videos that have no meaningful lesson is only embraced in our society, where people seem to enjoy videos devoid of any added value. If you were to ask TikTok stars to venture globally, they would likely find little recognition. This is because the world respects those who bring about real transformation through meaningful contributions, whereas the content on social media in Pakistan often lacks substance.

Thirdly, these videos convey a clear message to our younger generation that investing in education offers no benefit compared to the potential earnings from creating social media content. This could result in producing mindsets with a lack of sound judgment on real-world issues and a dearth of understanding regarding global matters hindering our nation’s ability to compete in the contemporary world. Furthermore, this emerging trend could lead our society to become heavily reliant on the West for all forms of innovative and technological advancements. The repercussions of failing to nurture mindsets capable of innovating in science and technology could be disastrous for the economic and social fabric of our country.

Lastly, modern conflicts are battles of intellect. Nations worldwide are investing in their human resources, enhancing the capabilities of their people to excel in all sectors for economic, social and political advantages. Will such a utilization of social media result in the development of individuals capable of leading the country in the arena of innovative ideas? Witnessing the current trend of videos on social media begs the question that will we thrive in the global battles of intellect and wisdom? Will we construct a society resilient to the influences of global propaganda targeting vulnerable nations?

A nation lacking intellectual depth is inevitably reliant on other nations for its sustenance. We appear to be on a path leading to a calamity and unfortunately, only a few sections of society can comprehend the repercussions of this trajectory. What is even more lamentable is that we have chosen this as our destiny. Instead of conveying to our youths that education is the sole pathway to enduring glory, we have been showcasing a route with no future in this technologically-driven world. Immediate measures are imperative to halt this trend on social media. The videos circulated on social platforms should impart lessons of wisdom and emphasize the importance of modern education. While creating videos on TikTok is acceptable, they should mirror our genuine cultural values. Furthermore, the content should convey moral and ethical lessons, ensuring that it contributes positively to the social narrative.

The content on social media should not undermine our authentic family values; rather, it should propagate the genuine family values that define us. We should elevate individuals who have excelled in the realm of education as our influencers on social media. Therefore, implementing regulations to guide content creators toward producing valuable and worthwhile content is crucial. Paradoxically, these videos amass popularity because the majority have forsaken their inclination to acquire knowledge, both for personal enrichment and collective betterment. This shift has compelled individuals to embrace a route devoid of any illustrious destination.

Our history is a treasure trove. Why not create videos that narrate the struggles of our forebears in attaining independence? Why not produce content that embodies the teachings of our national poet? Why not use videos to propagate the wisdom imparted by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and focus on the principles advocated by Quaid-i-Azam? The proliferation of meaningless content on social media is rapidly eroding the foundations of our authentic history. It is imperative to take stringent action against such frivolous videos, as this concerns our future and our standing in the global arena. Building a society rich in intellect is a collective responsibility. The key to achieving this objective is instilling in our youths the belief that true glory lies in the ability to catalyze transformation in the realms of technology, politics and society. Now is the moment to treat this matter seriously, lest the scourge of meaningless content diverts us from the path of prosperity and glory.

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#3                       by Waqar Hassan

Education for character

HUMAN beings are identified as communal creatures. They engage in social interactions and thrive within societies. What sets them apart from other creatures is their capacity to discern, on ethical grounds, between right and wrong. This is designed to instil principles of character in individuals, enabling the establishment of a community where they can coexist and prosper. The objective of enlightening individuals is not merely to shape them as human beings but also as valuable individuals. In the contemporary era, the term “valuable” often carries only materialistic implications. The educational institutions we attend, the universities where we pursue knowledge and the qualifications we attain equip us with competencies to acquire financial resources and navigate our existence in this world, securing material advantages.

It appears that education has transformed into a tool primarily for achieving materialistic objectives, forsaking its original intent of instilling character—a purpose abandoned by many in the relentless pursuit of worldly gains. Examining the evolutionary trajectory of societies reveals that their inception was motivated by a desire to escape the uncertainties and perils of the unknown wilderness. The hazards posed by animals and unpredictable natural phenomena compelled human beings to form societies. Contrastingly, the contemporary landscape reveals that the dangers our ancestors grappled with have dissipated, yet present-day humans have become significant threats to their fellow beings.

Contemporary societies are saturated with malevolent vices, and nations find themselves entangled in unethical conflicts. The fear of one another has permeated human interactions. What went astray in the historical narrative of human evolution? The culpability is glaringly evident in the way we shape individuals. The education system that moulds our generations yields the outcomes we observe. It is undeniably accurate that the educational framework has woefully faltered in fortifying the character of individuals, giving rise to social discord and resentment as its consequential fallout. Education guides us in the art of respecting our fellow beings. It is not merely a means to secure employment; rather, it serves as a fount of enlightenment. The moral fortitude instilled by education should be such that individuals steadfastly adhere to ethical principles, even when the assurance of avoiding legal repercussions exists.

Had the education system adhered to its original purpose, we might have cultivated a tranquil society. The pervasive societal maladies are widely acknowledged. Widespread corruption has become a conventional practice. What is disconcerting is the widely accepted notion that mutual reliance in social interactions is scarce, yet the expectation remains that each person upholds the highest standards of character. This paradox is truly astonishing. In our society, we unfortunately observe instances where women and children endure severe brutalities. Numerous such cases have been extensively covered by the media, yet the wrongdoers receive backing from their influential circles. Why? If individuals who commit heinous crimes find support, we may not be part of an enlightened society.

It’s reprehensible that incidents like sexual assault against women, the mistreatment of children, or the unjustifiable killing of innocent individuals occur due to the influence criminals wield within their social circles following the commission of a crime. What’s more alarming is the absence of exemplary punishments for those criminals residing among us but displaying animalistic behaviour. The disconcerting reality is that such inhumane individuals live without any sense of shame. Are we truly residing in an educated society? Does education endorse allowing individuals of this nature to instil fear in the minds of innocent citizens, who may one day fall victim to their malevolence? On the other hand, leaders in the state assert that they’ve been diligently serving the masses, yet the public has observed deterioration in social and political benchmarks. If everything is indeed well within leadership, why then do we witness a failure in the delivery of promised benefits? Why have we not reaped the rewards of unparalleled leadership?

Undoubtedly, the education system has fallen short of nurturing individuals into effective leaders, resulting in a leadership vacuum. Survey the aspirations of young individuals, and you’ll find a common desire for immense wealth and unparalleled fame. Does education exist solely to cultivate individuals who prioritize amassing wealth and fame? More disheartening is the contemporary era’s departure from virtues like mutual coexistence, justice for all, respect for diverse perspectives, and the moral fortitude to condemn wrongdoing while appreciating what is right. This reflects the stark reality that we’ve veered off course.

Prioritizing character education is essential to steering societal progress and prosperity. This isn’t an appeal to idealism; it’s entirely feasible to nurture individuals whose values make them exemplary members of society. To start, education should instill the value of honesty as the foundational step in life’s journey. All other virtues stem from the honesty of one’s character, revolutionizing human interactions and fostering personal and collective development.

A bedrock of character honesty encourages acknowledging shortcomings and striving for personal growth that benefits everyone. Education for character aims to establish justice, beginning within the family. It’s crucial to teach children the importance of respecting their peers’ rights. Parents should emphasize that violating these rights results in exclusion from the family, as a family’s character shapes a child’s character.

Our generation needs an education that compels future leaders to take full accountability for failures and be willing to step down from power if they fall short. Education for character prioritizes respect for women and nurtures a love for children, eradicating negative tendencies against them and fostering a safer, more conducive social environment. It promotes a society where individuals collectively reject malevolent traits and embrace purity, fostering inclusivity for harmonious coexistence. In a society prioritizing education for character, vices like hatred, negative criticism, and slander find no foothold.

Above all, education for character cultivates happiness, encouraging people to appreciate what they have and dampening the unhealthy desire for accumulation through illicit means. We must transform our society as it’s the environment where our children will thrive and mature. It’s our shared responsibility to establish a social system where justice, honesty, purity, and love for humanity become the standard. Without it, the social fabric risks succumbing to the curse of ‘might is right,’ dismantling its delicate structure.

 

 

#4                       by Waqar Hassan

TikTok and our youth — a national dilemma

THE route to a nation’s ascent is uncomplicated. Cultivate the cognitive prowess of its citizens. Conversely, the trajectory leading to a nation’s decline is equally direct: squander the youth’s invaluable years and precious time in frivolous pursuits. Ultimately, the arbiter of a nation’s triumph is its youths. Should the youth evolve into a national treasure, a nation surpasses all others. However, if the youth metamorphose into thoughtless and insipid individuals, nations encounter a descent that proves insurmountable despite years of endeavor.

The pivotal contribution of the younger generation is paramount in shaping a nation’s magnificence. The annals of global history furnish ample proof, offering valuable insights into the ascent and decline of civilizations. The global landscape undergoes continual transformation in the spheres of technology and economics. History imparts a fundamental lesson: achieve indispensability and triumph in the competition. What does it mean to become indispensable? It is a concept that distinguishes the privileged from the underprivileged. Fortunate are those nations where the younger generation directs their attention towards cognitive and intellectual advancement, acquiring the knowledge essential for earning global esteem.

However, can the process of acquiring knowledge be spontaneous? No, indeed, it is a societal characteristic passed down from one generation to the next. The societal conventions and standards play a substantial role in establishing a nation’s value on the global stage. Our prevalent societal patterns have elevated TikTok to the status of the most influential application for today’s youth, enthralling them in a bewildering yet captivating fashion. The perpetual inquiry into our descent into the abyss of national decline yields an evident cause—the continuous decline of the youth in terms of morality and intellect. What does TikTok contribute to this nation? It convinces our youth that the effortless path to fame and financial gain is through videos devoid of substantive content.

Even more astonishing is that TikTok has become a convenient avenue for monetary gain. With the advent of these social media platforms, the imperative to cultivate critical thinking and intellect has waned. Throughout history, nations have achieved glory not by squandering time on futile activities but by steadfastly focusing on loftier goals. The ascent of the Spartans was not coincidental but a relentless endeavour to excel in skills pivotal for world dominance. They engaged their youths from the early stages of development in activities essential to maintaining global supremacy. Military training was mandatory and societal esteem was contingent on a Spartan’s skill level in warfare, leading to enduring success in history.

History also imparts a lesson that Muslims ruled the world by prioritizing growth in wisdom and knowledge. In the era of Khalifa Haroon-ur-Rahseed, the location for a hospital was selected after meticulous research into where a piece of meat takes the maximum time to rot. This wisdom was acquired through the jewel of knowledge. The House of Wisdom in Baghdad housed intellectuals from across the world, contributing to the rich educational history that facilitated Muslim rule. In the contemporary world, where nations vie for a competitive edge, our youth is immersed in making videos containing nothing but trash. Analysis reveals how far behind we have fallen in the race of technology and economy, and the reason lies in allowing our youth to adopt a path of ruin.

Today, the USA and China compete vigorously for economic and technological advantage, investing heavily in preparing their human resources for AI dominance. These two countries lead the world in publishing research papers in the domain of AI. The constant struggle for an advantage in the chip war between these nations aims to control global technology networks, as all gadgets require chips to function. The UK aims to produce 1000 PHDs in the domain of AI. France targets making its capital the AI hub of the world, while India has chosen space exploration, preparing its young generation to lead in space technology. Historical and current examples testify to the need for serious contemplation about the direction of our youth.

With youth aspiring to become TikTok sensations, the nation’s trajectory risks being populated by individuals lacking genuine skills, heading toward an iceberg of economic, political, and social collapse. An education emergency is imperative. Regardless of the utility of social media platforms, we must decide today whether we can afford to produce minds devoid of wisdom and leadership ability. The repercussions are hard to fathom. Where will we stand in the world fifty years from now? Will TikTok celebrities enable our dominance in technological, political, and economic domains? Unlikely. Nations neglecting investment in their well-being face undesirable consequences. The well-being of nations lies in their development in areas that bring them glory globally—science, technology, and the economy.

It is a disheartening reality that we have become a nation that revels in entertainment. The current priorities of our youths indicate a failure to instill a sense of purpose for societal respect. It is our national responsibility to engage the youth in activities conducive to national ascendancy. Just as nations that shaped history, we must become a nation that forges its path toward glory. True leadership is essential. Lee Kaun Yew set the precedent for the rise of his nation, never allowing the youth to engage in futile activities. Today, Singapore ranks among the world’s best economies.

Furthermore, our youths must use TikTok constructively. Instead of producing videos with no valuable lessons, they should focus on spreading knowledge and wisdom by recounting the tales of our glorious past. TikTok itself is neither inherently good nor bad; it is the unwarranted use causing negative implications for society, pushing our nation toward demise and destruction. Today, we need to guide our youths and set a rewarding destination for them. It is alarming that the importance of education is fading from the minds of our youths, leading them down a path of acquiring fame without a containing brain and wisdom. It is time to awaken and set things in the right direction. Failure to recognize the urgency of this matter ensures our nation’s continued descent on the path of intellectual and moral decline.

 

 

 

#5                           by Waqar Hassan

Ramifications of Social Injustice

THE idea of equal standing for every individual has endured over the ages. The welfare of the community is intricately connected to the notion that individuals experience a sense of safety in their surroundings. This is the fundamental essence that shapes a community. The apprehension of oppression compels individuals to pursue assurance for themselves and their loved ones. Communities go through significant changes when people sense the looming threats of exploitation. In this context, the French Revolution offers a pertinent illustration. The French society embedded the aspects of unfairness, exposing individuals to ruthless exploitation orchestrated by their rulers, ultimately sparking a tumultuous revolution.

The societal transformation in England exemplifies a similar scenario. The endorsement of the Magna Carta emerged as a reaction to the persistent tyranny experienced by the populace. The people of England continued to undergo metamorphosis until they embraced a social framework grounded in principles of justice and societal well-being. Justice serves as the lifeblood of a society, akin to an essential oxygen supply. It provides societies with the necessary breath to thrive. In the absence of fairness, societies wither away and fail to progress.

Ensuring inclusive political structures is crucial for the optimal sustenance of societies. Moreover, economic equity catalyzes societal advancement. Economic justice encompasses the principle of impartial wealth distribution within societies. While this idea may be challenging to fathom in certain societal contexts, it remains indispensable for the endurance of communities. The concept of economic justice staunchly opposes the peril of wealth concentration in the hands of a privileged few. It calls for a society where individuals have equal opportunities for upward mobility, supported by institutions that champion their endeavours.

When societies deny individuals equal economic prospects, it sparks social tension between the privileged and the underprivileged, leading societies toward their demise. In the presence of economic inequity, institutions transform into instruments of exploitation and society becomes a breeding ground for widespread corruption. Individuals engage in the pursuit of amassing wealth due to the prevailing economic uncertainty that casts a shadow over society.

Additionally, the fundamental aspect of societal fairness lies in having a framework that staunchly prevents the festering of the notion that might equate to the right within society. The “might is right” philosophy represents the most insidious form of social degradation. It instills the belief that individuals can acquire anything and obliterate anyone with boundless power and immeasurable wealth. Such a societal framework turns communities exceedingly brutal, with power and wealth becoming the sole objectives for survival.

The affliction of “might is right” also sparks conflicts among different societal factions. It creates vulnerabilities in the system, allowing for the proliferation of social crimes and injustices. Navigating through such societies poses the greatest challenges for law-abiding citizens, as they are perennially susceptible to experiencing unjust acts perpetrated by those wielding the power to manipulate situations in their favour after committing injustices. The blight of “might is right” kickstarts a culture where economic, political and social injustices become the prevailing norms in societies.

The most perilous facet of such societies is the constant presence of potential flashpoints which can be triggered at any moment, inviting widespread destruction and ruin to engulf these communities. In actuality, disparities in the education, health and progress of different regions render societies susceptible to brewing social discontent. Uniformity in education empowers societies to experience exponential growth. It is not merely crucial for fostering social unity but is also imperative for extracting the utmost potential from the talent within a society. Equity in the health sector instills a sense of community belonging and significantly improves lives by providing relief in times of need.

Contrarily, social injustice encompasses the unequal distribution of these opportunities among individuals. When justice wanes, such opportunities become exclusive privileges for only a fortunate few within society. Social frameworks are constructed upon the foundational pillars of inclusive social institutions, which can only fulfil their purpose by prioritizing justice across all aspects of life. The advantages of ensuring justice permeates every sector of society are immeasurable. Justice serves as a natural deterrent against the emergence of criminal tendencies within communities.

The apprehension of facing justice acts as a restraining force, compelling individuals to abide by laws and remain within the bounds of civic life. The concept of human rights remains incomplete without the prevalence of justice in societies. When justice wanes, human rights violations become pervasive. The unsettling reality is that injustice benefits no one. Even those who exploit their absolute power and wealth eventually fall victim to injustice. History is rife with examples of rulers who employed injustice to maintain their authority, only to meet an unfortunate downfall, losing not only their wealth and power but also their identity.

Achieving just and fair societies is a formidable task, yet it is attainable. It is crucial to instill in our children the moral imperative of never breaching ethical boundaries, regardless of the circumstances. Emphasizing that there is no glory in exploiting others for personal gain is paramount. In schools and institutions, it is essential to teach that criminals should be treated as such, while the innocent deserve collective support from society. Furthermore, the evolution towards a true democracy involves allowing rational voices to articulate valid concerns against societal injustice.

A fundamental shift in societal mindset is imperative and the seeds of coexistence, respect and collective progress must be planted in the minds of youth. Efforts are required to fortify the moral and ethical bedrock of society. It demands moral and ethical fortitude to thwart the grasp of injustice from ensnaring the innocent and powerless in society. Distinguishing between right and wrong requires character. When a society forfeits these qualities, justice diminishes, creating fertile ground for those in power to govern and inflict the scum of injustice upon those who adhere to laws and regulations. A social contract binds us all to uphold the law. Embracing the notion that only a socially just and equitable society sustains its equilibrium is crucial. In the absence of justice, the natural balance of societies is disrupted, plunging everyone into the abyss of permanent decline and destruction.

 

 

#6                       by Waqar Hassan

Addressing social downfall

WHEN disparate social strata intersect, the repercussions are felt universally, transcending economic status, influence and vulnerability. The deleterious effects are borne by all, necessitating the fortification of societies against an array of threats. This safeguarding imperative hinges upon the collective engagement of every segment within the social fabric. The cultivation of a socially enhanced milieu is a joint obligation, a task demanding the active involvement of all components of society. National advancement materializes as a consequence of fostering communities that facilitate the prosperity of every individual, irrespective of their background or circumstance. Yet, the pivotal query persists: How does one orchestrate the establishment of a constructive and progressive social framework?

The genesis lies in the metamorphosis of individual mindsets, as individuals coalesce to forge societies that undergo exponential growth and development. The flourishing of societies is intrinsically tied to the cultivation of harmonious living among individuals, where harmony is predicated on the acknowledgment of universal human rights and the inviolable sanctity of others. The attainment of such harmony is intricately linked to the maturation of minds. A well-nurtured intellect vehemently repudiates the ascendancy of malevolent proclivities. The cognitive processes and interactive dynamics decisively weave the intricate tapestry of social order within a society. A sustainable social order is distinguished by the presence of justice, equality, parity, mutual respect and harmony. Social order metamorphoses into an exploitative entity in its scarcity, ominously heralding chaos and destruction.

The crux of contemplation lies in the genesis and transformation of social order. The familial unit emerges as the linchpin in the formation of social order, shaping individuals’ responses based on familial upbringing. How can a child manifest disrespect if parents adamantly prohibit the germination of such tendencies in the child’s persona? The youth’s demeanour towards women is a testament to the efficacy of parental upbringing. An adult’s descent into criminality is inversely proportional to the robustness of character instilled by parents. Corruption yields to parental guidance on the righteous path, even in the face of pervasive opportunities.

The family, as the inaugural line of defence in social structure, shields against the adoption of immorality as a means to personal ends. Beyond familial confines, social institutions play a pivotal role in maintaining a social order that is sustainable and safe for all. Recognition of merit by these institutions instills a collective commitment to industrious pursuits. Equality fostered by social institutions begets peaceful resolution of grievances. Elevating contributors to social development generates joy in constructive societal endeavours. The paramount role of education surfaces as the linchpin in transforming social order into a progressive entity. Education endows individuals with the capability to discern between the virtuous and the malevolent. A judicious education delineates the path society must traverse and the facets it must forsake.

Education acts as a beacon, distinguishing the right path from the wrong, thereby rendering society sanctuaries of safety and security. Conversely, a surge in crime, societal insecurity, the vulnerability of women and the abandonment of moral and ethical paths culminate in societal regression and, ultimately, demise. Societies, in their entirety, demand vigilant attention. If social order is debilitated by malevolent tendencies, societies must introspect, recognizing that such tendencies invariably mirror the degradation of social strata. The stark reality unfurls a narrative of the degradation of social norms over recent years. The diminishing values of respect in social interactions, the fading away of the notion of protection of women and children, the departure of youth from ethics and morality and the inability of people to navigate conflicting situations with grace reflect the horrifying reality of social collapse.

This decline echoes the weakening grip of the familial institution over time, with children increasingly emancipating themselves from family influences that impart positive values. The fragrance of safety and security within the social order dissipates as intolerance proliferates and violence solidifies its foundations within the societal structure. Simultaneously, the institution of education faces an erosion of relevance in the contemporary world. It falters in producing minds capable of effecting societal transformation for the better. The concept of character building within educational institutions remains a distant aspiration, with these establishments metamorphosing into mere mechanisms for financial gain. The educational realm lags, failing to align with the demands of the modern era, positioning society in a persistent state of lag in this crucial domain.

In the wake of the disintegration of sustainable societal elements, a moment of introspection beckons. Now is the time for a paradigm shift in our social structure, rendering it more conducive and inclusive. Collaborative efforts among social institutions, family, education and local bodies are imperative for the immediate redressal of societal vices. Families must inculcate in their progeny the imperative of eschewing wrongdoing throughout their lives. In instances of transgressions, parents must spearhead the pursuit of justice, prioritizing the rights of victims over familial bonds. Justice, thus, begins at home and the family, assuming the role of a moral arbiter, becomes a shield against societal evils. If the familial institution transforms into a morality checker, societal immorality will be forestalled from descending into the abyss of destruction.

Furthermore, social institutions must actively propagate justice, with leaders exemplifying transformative actions. The influential echelons of society, particularly the powerful and wealthy, must actively engage in actions that catalyze social transformation, rendering the entire social structure conducive to growth. The primary role of social institutions should encompass fostering a pervasive sense of security within society, achieved through actionable steps that set examples of justice and merit for others. Above all, a paradigm shift in the essence of education is imperative. The core purpose of education should transcend the imparting of knowledge, prioritizing the character-building of the nation. Educational institutions should metamorphose into crucibles that give birth to peaceful proclivities, with a singular focus on transforming mindsets.

The survival of any society against the onslaught of malevolent vices hinges on the collective efficacy of its social institutions. Inefficiencies within these institutions render society fertile ground for the commission of crime and violence against the innocent and law-abiding populace. The transformation of our social order into a sustainable entity stands as our pre-eminent responsibility. Neglecting this responsibility could propel us toward the permanent demise that looms on the horizon.

 

 

#7                       by Waqar Hassan

Iqbal’s philosophy and youth’s success

CAN we discard the concept of perpetual strife in the game of life? If we do so, we resemble a ship adrift, surrendering its course to the whims of the waves. Such an approach to life is not merely unproductive, but also inherently deleterious. Life is replete with challenges and the contemporary world has grown even more exacting than in bygone eras. The pressures that the youth grapple with in today’s milieu are colossal. Life’s mechanism yields moments of both astonishments, occasionally manifesting as resounding triumphs and predominantly, as ignominious failures. The dynamic of success and failure ensnares all within its ambit. Those who exhibit resilience encounter a prosperous destiny, while those who succumb to frailty, daunted by their inability to confront failure, plunge into the profound abyss of despondency.

Our youth is navigating a period fraught with myriad challenges. They have transformed into bewildered nomads in the arid wilderness of adversity. A glimmer of hope must be kindled for them. Thus, how can our youth surmount the contemporary challenges that have rendered them beleaguered and disempowered, casting doubt upon their ability to make meaningful strides in their lives? In such times, the philosophy of Allama Iqbal offers a panacea for traversing the turbulent waters of the contemporary world. Iqbal’s philosophy places paramount importance on exhibiting steadfastness amidst the obstacles that obstruct the realization of life’s objectives. Life is a journey bereft of elation if one falters in demonstrating tenacity. Tenacity entails the sustained exertion of effort in the face of arduous moments. The crux of Iqbal’s philosophy imparts to the younger generation the notion that surmounting trying moments necessitates a distinct mindset, one that acknowledges the premise that the initial step toward success is founded on perseverance.

Furthermore, Iqbal’s philosophy extols faith as the driving force in one’s lifetime. There is a profound lesson inherent in Iqbal’s philosophy that underscores the role of faith in shaping one’s destiny. Having faith conveys the idea of having an unwavering belief in oneself, as life often places individuals in situations where their faith in their capabilities wanes. This phenomenon is intricately linked to the unfortunate reality that many gifted individuals fail to etch their mark in life due to their inability to assert themselves when their faith falters in the face of adversity. Most dishearteningly, seeking external validation often ensnares individuals in a false illusion that they lack the resilience to navigate trying phases, thereby undermining their innate abilities to surmount such daunting challenges. This is where faith steps in as a pivotal component in one’s life. Iqbal’s philosophy advocates nurturing a robust faith to navigate the dark periods of life. Presently, the youth often lack this essential element, resulting in the erosion of faith in their capabilities, consigning many gifted individuals to the abyss of failure and desolation.

Additionally, Iqbal’s philosophy underscores the significance of courage amidst life’s tribulations. In the tempest of adversity, it is courage that empowers individuals to confront the spectre of defeat and failure with a resolute countenance. Many contemporary youngsters are plagued by the fear of societal rejection should they encounter failure. It requires immense courage to accept the reality that the primary objective of existence is not to curry favor with society, but rather to ardently strive towards becoming the best versions of themselves. It demands fortitude to embark on a path fraught with hardships and the ever-present specter of failure. Those who fail to cultivate and nourish courage within themselves fall woefully short of metamorphosing their lives. Throughout the annals of history, courage has remained a pivotal factor in human survival and it is no less significant in the modern era, as life devoid of courage becomes an ordeal fraught with misery and anguish.

Iqbal’s philosophy further expounds upon the importance of sustained effort in reshaping one’s life. Persistent effort is the linchpin that distinguishes one from another. The youth of today often clamour for immediate success. However, success is a path paved with successive stages of relentless struggle. Those who disregard effort as the foundational pillar of their lives inevitably encounter failure. It is vital to internalize the notion that sustained effort does not guarantee unbroken success. The annals of human history are replete with instances of individuals who devoted their entire lifetimes to attain worldwide acclaim, ardently adhering to the principle of relentless endeavour even in the face of unremitting failure.

Lastly, Iqbal’s philosophy unequivocally asserts, “ḳhudī ko kar buland itnā k har taqdīr se pahle, ḳhudā bande se ḳhud pūchhe batā terī razā kyā hai.” This serves as a reminder to the youth that they must empower themselves sufficiently to triumph in any life’s battle. This concept necessitates endeavours to augment one’s aptitudes and skills, enabling success and fortune to favour them. It remains an undeniable truth that one reaps only what one diligently sows. Iqbal’s philosophy rests upon pillars urging all individuals to exhibit patience, demonstrate resilience in the face of adversity, nurture courage and strive tirelessly for success. Today’s youth can liberate themselves from disappointment, dejection, demotivation and the fear of societal ostracism by adhering to the teachings of Allama Iqbal. His philosophy brims with invaluable lessons that can guide individuals toward success and a life imbued with purpose. Our youth must embrace these qualities to chart a transformative trajectory for their lives.

Iqbal’s theory of self embodies the seeds of success for the youth in the modern world. The message embedded in his philosophy is resounding and lucid: “Give full vent to the songs of nature, Rid it of the songs of others.” Undoubtedly, life is no cakewalk, replete with intricate complexities that demand resolution. In the present day, our youth yearns for guidance as they grapple with internal conflicts and confront an external world that often casts a sombre hue over life. The only viable course of action is to delve deep into the teachings of our national poet, Allama Iqbal, whose wisdom imparts solace amid the harsh realities of this world. Indeed, Iqbal’s philosophy serves as a panacea for the contemporary afflictions plaguing our youth.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

#8                       by Waqar Hassan

Water crisis and national unity

WATER, a lifeline for human beings, is undeniably crucial for the peaceful coexistence of communities and the prosperity of nations. In Pakistan, a country blessed with diverse landscapes, rivers and an untapped agricultural potential, water has always played a pivotal role in sustaining livelihoods. However, the current water crisis in Pakistan is not only threatening the availability of this precious resource but is also putting national unity at risk. A recent report of the UN Global Water Security 2023 Assessment places Pakistan in the critically water insecure category. The water crisis shatters the foundations of national unity as it impacts food production and disrupts life in urban areas, industrial production and inter-provincial relations.

First, food security is a founding pillar of national unity. In Pakistan, agriculture is a primary driver of the economy and a major source of employment for its burgeoning population. However, agriculture heavily relies on a consistent and reliable water supply. The water crisis has disrupted this equilibrium, imperiling food security. Insufficient water for irrigation leads to decreased agricultural productivity, food shortages and rising food prices.

Sindh and Punjab, two of Pakistan’s largest agricultural provinces, have faced water-related concerns. Historically, both provinces have been essential contributors to the nation’s food security. However, in recent years, water scarcity has become a contentious issue between the two provinces. Moreover, the menace of climate change has given birth to the risk of floods and droughts with minimum chances of taking any mitigation measures as climate patterns have become unreliable. It means that even if we plan things to manage the available water resources, we will remain at risk of facing water-related disasters owing to the vulnerable nature of our climate. This scenario provides a constant risk to the pillars of national integration.

Rapid urbanization is another facet of Pakistan’s development that is intensifying the water crisis. As people flock to cities in search of better opportunities, the demand for freshwater has skyrocketed. Unfortunately, many Pakistani cities are grappling with a severe shortage of fresh water. The combination of inadequate infrastructure, mismanagement and an ever-growing population puts immense pressure on the already strained water supply.

Karachi, Pakistan’s largest and most populous city, provides a stark example. As urbanization continues unabated, Karachi’s water needs have outstripped its supply. The result is that millions of residents face daily water shortages and water tankers have become a common sight in many neighborhoods. Rural areas, where agriculture is the primary source of livelihood, face the brunt of water scarcity, while cities consume a disproportionate share. This disparity can exacerbate tension, creating a rift between urban and rural communities in the coming years. National unity can only thrive when both urban and rural areas receive equitable access to resources, including water. On the other hand, industries in Pakistan are vital contributors to the national economy. However, the industrial sector is also grappling with the water crisis. Shortages of water in industrial areas hamper production and hinder economic growth.

Balochistan is a province rich in natural resources but struggling with industrial development due to water scarcity. The province has immense potential for economic growth, particularly in the mining and energy sectors. However, there is a need to supply water to the industrial sector in the province for the establishment and expansion of industries. This, in turn, will reduce the economic miseries of the province. Similarly, industries in other provinces require a constant supply of water. The textile industry and luxury goods industries require ample amounts of water. Water scarcity creates a sense of economic disparity among the people as shortage of water halts industrial production. Therefore, overcoming water scarcity is essential to strengthen cohesion among provinces and thwart national disintegration.

National unity thrives when mutual progress and prosperity are guaranteed. Water is not merely a regional issue; it is a matter of collective responsibility. If water is not shared equally among the citizens of a nation, it becomes a breeding ground for disintegration. In Pakistan, the water crisis has become a tipping point for friction among provinces as the increasing demand for water contains seeds of erosion of national unity. Water crisis generates a blame game among the people of a state. Accusations of water theft and mismanagement become commonplace when this sacred resource becomes rare. This further deepens the rifts within a country.

Pakistan has already been facing many external challenges and there is no room for challenges like the water crisis to become threatening. Water education, to be taught as a subject in schools and colleges, must be given to the young generation. Moreover, a widespread media campaign must be initiated to give people awareness about water conservation. The government needs to focus on all the water conservation-related projects. In the agricultural and industrial sectors, modern technologies need to be implemented to conserve water. Above all, a ten-year policy to manage the water crisis must be made with the consent of all the provinces. All these steps are essential to ensure national integration and overcome water scarcity.

While Pakistan has been going through financial, social and political turmoil, the issue of the water crisis is being ignored. The water crisis in Pakistan is not just a matter of water scarcity; it’s a challenge to national unity. As the availability of freshwater dwindles, the issues of food security, urbanization, industry, provincial relations and the blame game have all emerged as threats to the country’s cohesion. To ensure national unity, Pakistan must tackle its water crisis holistically, addressing the availability of water and the equitable distribution of this life-sustaining resource among its diverse regions. Only through cooperation and collective responsibility can Pakistan navigate the treacherous waters of the water crisis and safeguard its national unity. It is high time for Pakistan to recognize that the water crisis is not just an environmental issue but a test of its ability to maintain unity in the face of adversity. Only by addressing the water-related needs of the population in all the provinces can we discover the treasure of unshakable national cohesion and integration.

 

 

#9                       by Waqar Hassan

Social media has destroyed real-life communication

PROFOUND communication paves the path for human evolution and growth. It wields the power to mediate conflicts, cultivate harmony and nurture strong bonds among those who possess the skill of effective expression. Furthermore, it bolsters self-image and diminishes the vexation stemming from the inability to convey one’s message articulately. Effective communication serves as the cornerstone of delivering messages and is vital for the formation of cordial relations among human beings. It is through the art of proficient communication that messages are best comprehended, fostering the possibility of peaceful human coexistence. This principle is not a modern revelation; even in the annals of human history, primitive people developed societies through rudimentary communication. Utilizing hand signals, inscriptions on cave walls and primitive material like wood and stones, they bridged linguistic gaps to interact with other tribes. This process gave birth to the formation of societies and communities.

The evolution of communication methods has been a hallmark of human history. In earlier times, it solely encompassed face-to-face interaction, but the advent of technology has revolutionized the way humans interact and communicate with one another. In the modern era, social media has emerged as a potent tool, providing a platform for individuals to engage with diverse cultures, nationalities and people in this age of globalization. Modern communication means offering a cost-effective and time-efficient way to connect with others. They transcend geographical barriers swiftly, benefiting humanity across various sectors such as education, healthcare and employment. These technological modes have ushered in opportunities for self and collective improvement.

While social media communication has indeed catalyzed a transformative shift in contemporary communication patterns, it does come with certain limitations. It has transformed interpersonal interaction into virtual affairs, giving rise to online communities that at times, lack the authenticity of face-to-face gatherings. A consequence of this transformation is the younger generation’s inclination towards prolonged online connectivity which risks devaluing physical interactions and undermines the need for real-life communication in personal relationships.

Additionally, social media tends to divert individuals from engaging in face-to-face cultural and social interactions. The age of internet globalization has fostered virtual cross-cultural connections, potentially reducing the desire for physical meetups with individuals from different cultural and social backgrounds. Consequently, while online communication enables its users to have continuous contact throughout the day, it has also become a source of miscommunication and misunderstanding within and between individuals, groups and communities as it lags in the effective delivery of the message that real-life communication ensures.

Effective communication necessitates one-on-one interaction that incorporates intensity of voice, pitch of tone, body language, facial expression and immediate feedback, all of which are challenging to replicate artificially. Body language, in particular, plays a pivotal role, contributing to 55% of effective message delivery. Real-life communication unveils the full spectrum of non-verbal cues, including hand gestures, facial expressions and shifts in eye movement, allowing one’s feelings, be they of joy or anxiety, to become manifest. In contrast, social media communication often lacks these vital non-verbal elements, making it difficult for interacting individuals to accurately discern nuances. Even when utilizing modern applications like Zoom, the potential for creating artificial impressions remains, as users can manipulate the presentation of their surroundings through digital tools.

The tone of voice in verbal communication assumes a cardinal role. Warm and affectionate tones foster friendly dialogue, while harsh tones can turn discussions into conflict-ridden debates. Social media communication, however, often lacks the precision needed to gauge the tone of the communicator. This is especially pronounced on platforms like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, where the tone of voice is absent, leading to potential misinterpretation. Real-life communication revolves around the concept of spending time together, fostering unwavering focus within discussions. Face-to-face conversations create an environment demanding complete attention, forming the basis of healthy dialogue and facilitating conflict resolution. Social media interactions, in contrast, introduce multiple distractions during live arguments, eroding the essence of genuine real-life communication.

Live, face-to-face interaction generates immediate feedback, offering clear insight into the thoughts and emotions of those involved, even when unexpressed. This authentic feedback is valuable during group and community discussions. However, social media communication introduces feedback rife with artifice, undermining the authenticity inherent in real-life communication. Social media communication is bereft of these fundamental elements, rendering it a different form of conversation that lacks the depth of genuine real-life interactions. The pivot from real-life communication, once an indispensable aspect of human connection, to online modes of interaction, has altered the traditional landscape of communication. This transition is not without consequences; social media has, in effect, diluted real-life interactions by depriving them of the essential elements required for effective message delivery. The very platforms that have driven this transformation have also dampened the inclination of individuals to engage in face-to-face interactions.

While modern means of communication are indispensable for navigating the complexities of the contemporary world, a balanced approach is essential. Utilizing social media as a means of communication in contexts that do not necessitate the richness of in-person interaction is appropriate. However, it should not replace real-life communication in contexts requiring precision, such as conflict resolution and interfaith and intercultural dialogues. Striking a balance between social media and real-life communication is pivotal for successful navigation in the modern world. Dependence solely on social media communication poses a risk of eroding the essence of real-life communication, a phenomenon that is increasingly manifest in the world today.

In this era of globalization and technological advancement, the significance of social media platforms for communication cannot be overstated. It has become essential to introduce communication as a compulsory subject in schools, colleges and universities to empower the younger generation with the ability to make informed choices about when to engage in online communication and when to prioritize face-to-face interactions to enhance the effectiveness of their communication. Undoubtedly, social media has had a profound impact on traditional, real-life communication. It is imperative to recognize that there is no substitute for in-person communication if we aim to lead harmonious and peaceful lives, both individually and as a society.

 

 

 

#10                     by Waqar Hassan

Water — the next flash point

THE quest for discovering and managing freshwater resources has been a top priority for civilizations throughout history. Water plays a crucial role as an economic catalyst. It has remained a human development secret and a vital tool for social survival. The development of communities along the river banks of the Indus and the Nile gives us enough evidence that water is the most important resource that ensures human survival. Water remained a reason for human displacement in the past and history documents numerous water-related disputes among nations.

The ability to harness freshwater resources is crucial for the social and economic progress of nations. Humans have been using water relentlessly in their pursuit of growth and prosperity. The majority of the world’s water resources have high levels of salinity, almost 97%. Freshwater resources account for only a small percentage. Much of this valuable asset has been stored in ice caps, glaciers and underground freshwater sources. Despite human progress and prosperity, freshwater resources remain excessively exploited on Earth. Numerous sectors are responsible for the escalating stress on water resources.

Freshwater resources were suddenly put under immense pressure due to the industrialization era. A report from the INC Economies Department, referencing Aqsa stat and Oxford Economies, predicts that the industrial sector will consume 4% more water each year, leading to a rise in global water consumption from 21% to an estimated 38% by 2040. According to the report, if the trend persists, 29 out of 60 of the world’s major economies will experience a severe water crisis.

Additionally, the exponential population growth is straining the availability of freshwater resources. In 1900, there were 1.6 billion people in the world. By 2010, the global population had reached 7 billion, leading to a rise in the annual water withdrawal rate from 580 billion cubic meters to a whopping 3000 billion cubic meters. According to the “World Population Growth” report on “OurWorldInData.org”, annual water withdrawals will reach 4300 billion cubic meters with the world population at 9 billion. The future may turn bleak with the increase in per capita water consumption due to the rise in the world’s population, creating immense pressure on the available water resources.

The irrigation sector, conversely, is responsible for around 70% of freshwater withdrawal. Globally, irrigation covers nearly one-fifth of land and is responsible for 40% of agricultural production. With its agricultural focus, Asia consumes nearly 80% of the world’s freshwater resources, making up two-thirds of global water usage. In addition, the likelihood of conflicts will increase due to the world population’s growing reliance on the agricultural sector. Developing countries face the worst scenario. Almost 75% of South Asia’s population is affected by water scarcity. Water scarcity affects nearly 42% of the population in the Middle East and 35% in East Asia.

The world will face unprecedented disruption due to water scarcity. The global agricultural trade will suffer a major setback due to water scarcity. Many countries facing water scarcity still export their agricultural products. China, India and Pakistan are among the countries that export water through their agricultural exports. The international food trade relies on non-renewable groundwater for irrigation. Nearly 11% come from Pakistan, the United States and India.

Due to their high population density and agricultural-based economies, Asian countries will continue consuming freshwater resources. Similarly, developed states will remain in constant demand for freshwater resources as they are the leading nations in the industrial sector. Therefore, climate change, population growth, increased demand for food production and industrial and commercial water requirements have been hinting towards the birth of a flash point with water as the only reason for it.

Conservation of this valuable resource necessitates the adoption of innovative water-saving strategies. Implementing taxation for water usage should target those who consume large amounts of water. This needs to be done, specifically in the industrial sector. The affluent nations, along with wealthy elites in developed and developing countries, have been vital consumers of this resource. The imbalanced utilization of water across the globe is the leading factor behind water scarcity.

Water education is vital, particularly in developing nations. It’s essential for countries like Pakistan and India with above-average per capita water consumption rates. People residing in Pakistan and India, desperately require adopting water conservation as their daily life practice. Additionally, the preservation of the water beneath the surface in urban areas is crucial to protecting cities from the possibility of extinction in the future. Pakistan and India are facing an alarming rate of groundwater depletion which requires immediate action from both water-scarce states.

In addition to this, the agricultural sector needs to urgently apply technology like drip irrigation. Good governance can lead to minimal wastage of water and increase efficiency in water distribution. Managing this resource wisely requires management of both ground and fresh water. Building dams and managing river basins is also necessary to conserve and safeguard water resources. This can be done on national and regional levels. Governments, instead of fighting for water, can adopt a collective approach by investing in the projects of water conservation. It will prevent water conflicts and scarcity in nations and regions.

Above all, developed nations must do justice by helping out the developing nations in building projects for water storage and conservation. As these projects need huge investment, the developed world must play its part in being the top beneficiary of this sacred resource. Water is utilized for generating energy, powering industries, irrigating farmlands and supporting households. The rise in water demand is increasing in all these sectors. Developed and developing countries of the world have relied on these sectors for their economic and social strength.

Ignoring the warning signs of the water crisis could lead to severe consequences in social, political and industrial sectors, disrupting the established world order. It indicates future conflicts not only between countries but also between world regions. Are we ready for a water crisis that could destabilize all other sectors on a global scale? The consequences will be catastrophic and the world is ill-equipped to handle it.

 

 

#11                     by Waqar Hassan

Of enlightened citizenry

SOCIETIES that don’t embrace democratic enlightenment become tyrannical. The creation of a true democracy requires both citizen’s understanding of democratic norms and values and the government’s commitment to promoting democratic culture. This is referred to as democratic enlightenment. Bertolt Brecht conveyed in his play Galileo that a country that doesn’t require heroes is fortunate, suggesting that people shouldn’t depend on leaders to create a peaceful and secure environment calling for an informed citizenry to protect their interests.

Democratic governments bear the responsibility of teaching the population the fundamentals of democracy, given that the concept of power concentration fades away from social strata as this theory strictly applies in a democracy. When governments do not foster critical democratic thinking, they become enablers of democratic failure. To understand the importance of democratic principles, citizens must be intellectually strong. Citizens’ understanding of equal rights in the economic, social and political arenas strengthens democracy. When equal rights are not provided, a society cannot gather the democratic strength necessary to uphold its state.

Democratic citizenry fosters citizen participation in a democratic setup. Before gaining more democratic rights, Black people in America were largely uninterested in their state’s global achievements. In 1968, when American astronaut Neil Armstrong landed on the moon, the majority of White Americans stayed up that night to witness the historic moment, making the fact resonate in reality. The ratio of Black Americans showing similar interest was disappointingly low, though. Disparities in a democracy leave citizens feeling disconnected and unable to enjoy the state’s accomplishments. The foundation of a thriving system lies in true democracies that ensure equal civil and political rights to all citizens.

When citizens are enlightened and democratic, they serve as a natural defence against undemocratic forces, leading to prosperity for all segments of society. Accusing populist leaders of destroying democratic principles is just a way to deflect responsibility and overlook the real reason for their popularity. When core democratic values are disregarded, a void is formed which is occupied by populist leaders.

During the 20^th century, dictators used democratic pretences to remain in power. Adolf Hitler’s ascent was a remarkable occurrence. The public gave him massive support which made him very popular. He didn’t seize power, rather he was elected as the President. Many German elites, large landowners and industrialists never accepted the democracy that was established after their defeat in the war in 1919. Economic and political chaos led to its downfall, particularly after the Wall Street crash of 1929, which paved the way for the emergence of Adolf Hitler. The public’s lack of enlightenment led to his rise to power, which later became a nightmare for the world.

In the contemporary world, the democratic decline is evident from the report of The Economist on Democracy Index 2022 which shows that only 24 nations are fully democratic, meaning that democracy shines on only 8% of the world’s population. The lack of democratic wisdom among state citizens has enabled democracies to restrict democratic rights in the name of security concerns, even with the approval of the majority of the population. In 2015, France implemented the International Electronic Communications Law. The UK and Germany passed laws in 2016 that enabled security agencies to increase surveillance on citizens.

On the other hand, developing states display a horrific picture of this phenomenon. In most developing states, the current democratic model exploits the underprivileged 99% and is based on the rule of the powerful 1% Governments’ intentional neglect to educate their citizens has transformed the democratic model in many developing countries into one that benefits the elite and the powerful. Democracy is in a dismal state in many developing states as many countries are failing to promote democratic values. Autocrats have been in power for many years in countries that have failed to educate their citizens about democratic principles.

Extremism and rejection of democratic debates are the strategies politicians in these states use to maintain power. The mechanism compels enlightened individuals to withdraw from society, allowing power-hungry individuals to take advantage of the disadvantaged masses. A citizenry with a vision for democracy arises when people attain democratic enlightenment and gain the moral strength to oppose the feudal and clerical order. In a democratic citizenry, values of freedom, equality and universal brotherhood are preferred over traditional social inequality and exploitation of weaker segments of society.

Abandoning democratic enlightenment stems from straying from the path of moral and ethical knowledge intensification in democracy. In true democracies, citizens must empathize with those facing disparities and exploitation. The absence of an enlightened citizenry in a democracy becomes evident when victims of autocratic rule raise their voices to receive attention and protection. It happens when the well-being of the wealthy and influential is prioritized over the common people. This ignorance of the dangers of upholding a prejudiced social system causes a continuous cycle of harmful societal shifts that can lead to social collapse via a revolution.

True democracies prosper when citizens can determine their destinies by employing the wisdom of their enlightened mindsets. The survival of autocrats and populist leaders is threatened by an enlightened public with a solid knowledge base. Sadly, this reveals that many self-proclaimed leaders deliberately impede the public’s awareness of democracy’s genuine values, causing people to hero-worship them merely for their vested interests. This practice is prevalent in many countries, resulting in residents living in extreme poverty and lawlessness, making their lives worse than death.

The decaying state of democracies worldwide is an indication that unless the world population can discern the malevolent motives of their populist leaders and dictators, democratic decline will be constant.  For this to take place, an enlightened citizenry is necessary. Unless citizens become enlightened, the disparity between democratic and non-democratic states will continue to grow and could lead to blatant violations of citizen rights in non-democratic states. Citizens need to become truly enlightened and democratic to transform the fate of such states. The absence of these traits in societies will lead to violent, extremist and intolerant behaviour, resulting in the inevitable downfall and destruction of such states.

 

 

 

 

#12                        by Waqar Hassan

The challenge of functional representative democracies

 

THE adoption of inclusive political systems resulted in growth for nations throughout history. The establishment of “democracy” was the means to pursue this goal. The era of globalization has not solved the challenges democracies face in delivering social welfare, despite the concept of democracy being as old as human civilization. However, there are some cases where democracies have exhibited themselves as the archetype of obtaining national strength and wealth. The evolution of democracy allowed social groups to establish a foothold in the political system to secure their interests. In the past, citizens’ ability to vote and choose their leaders was determined by their economic status. Political setups mandated property requirements as a prerequisite for voting. It prevented governments from gaining the trust of their citizens. This resulted in historical revolutions that brought chaos to states that abandoned democratic principles.

The conclusion is that states thrive when all social groups coexist in a mutually agreed political system. Athens is credited with coining and fostering the democratic system for public welfare, even with a deep analysis of its roots. Although women were not allowed to vote, the involvement of the general public in decision-making preserved the essence of democracy despite certain limitations. The government improved self-governance models by soliciting opinions from locals through public debate. Winning public confidence is a fundamental aspect of a democratic model and this was achieved by providing a sense of inclusivity and safety. Athens emphasized equal participation in public affairs regardless of social status. “No one so long as he has in him to be of service to the city, is kept in political obscurity because of poverty,” said Pericles, a famous Athenian leader, in one of his speeches.

Nonetheless, Athenian cities were diminutive and the idea of a population boom was unheard of. It permitted councils and assemblies to function where public debate continued to be used for making popular decisions. The growing population of the world made it challenging for governments to foster a sense of public inclusivity and empowerment. Elite individuals amassed great wealth after the Industrial Revolution, allowing them to dominate political power. Bigots obstructed the transformation of democracies into an all-inclusive governance model.

Even in America, the democratic model was dominated by male-white suffrage. Nevertheless, political prudence won and the constitution’s Fifteenth Amendment granted the right to vote to non-white males. Despite resistance from white elites, Americans remained committed to democracy and in 2008, Barack Obama’s presidential win shattered decades-old foundations of white supremacy in politics. Barak Obama surprisingly won more votes from white people than his white rival. The transformation from a white-dominated political structure to an all-encompassing democratic model is a reflection of how Americans have achieved so much prosperity in recent decades.  The citizens of the United States have maintained their focus on strengthening the foundations of democracy by nurturing democratic values and principles through devolution of power.

To make democracies work in the modern era, an approach emphasizing inclusivity through local government is crucial. Nowadays, we reside in a digital era where every individual is well-informed about global events. The rise of social media has made it harder for governments to avoid accountability. In the past, people had limited knowledge about how other nations lived and survived, but now they are aware of every step taken by governments across the world for the welfare of their people. Modern democracies are facing higher expectations from their citizens, who are demanding true representative democracy principles to be followed.

Leaders today must possess great wisdom to make democracies work and meet the expectations of the general population. Athenians and Americans recognized that public inclusivity was crucial to maintaining their rule in government, so they implemented measures to involve people in democratic processes through local self-government. Athenians utilized direct democracy while Americans adapted to representative democracy to address the challenges of modernity. Additionally, the transparency in the American electoral process has contributed to the success of representative democracy.

The practice of representative democracy enables local self-rule through local governments, ensuring that the general public is included in state affairs. The welfare of a representative democracy relies on the wisdom of the leaders chosen by locals. Representative democracy was established as a successful model by successful democracies, but many states failed to address public concerns even after adopting the model, resulting in a loss of public trust. The effectiveness of the representative democracy model is dependent on the ability of citizens to participate in the democratic process without facing opposition from those already in public office. Additionally, the public can only choose a genuine representative if they have a deep understanding of the principles and values that a democratic process stands for. Countries with superior education facilities have better democracies and well-educated people have a better vision to elect their representatives.

In addition, representative democracy is unsuccessful when elites dominate and only a handful of wealthy individuals can participate in elections. For this model to succeed, political groups must respect each other and acknowledge their losses in elections. A representative democracy compels public representatives to resolve local public issues to gain the trust of people in democratic models if truly implemented. Local governments serve as democratic organs. The body gains strength when organs function effectively. If the organs don’t function properly, the body can’t produce the intended outcome. The demands of modern times require states to evolve. Creating true representative democracies involves the election of wise local leaders through popular public consent, which can transform the fate of their communities.

Despite a state’s defiance of globalization, the era can highlight the success of nations worldwide through the adoption of true public representation. The absence of this governance model in certain states triggers a sense of deprivation among people. Ultimately, such democracies crumble and their leaders are met with a significant public backlash. A true representative democracy satisfies the objectives of state leaders and the public alike. It’s a win-win situation for all involved. Will leaders in struggling democracies prioritize the strengthening of representative democracy over their ego to benefit their citizens? This question will continue to haunt leaders with autocratic mindsets. The failure to do so will bring about the sorrowful downfall of democracies in such states.

 

#13                     by Waqar Hassan

Of class struggle and social revolution

 

CLASS struggle has been an integral part of social evolution since the formation of societies. Elite capture is the root cause of this struggle where a group of wealthy people control the state and exploit the masses until a society-wide struggle for a just structure begins. While exploring the history of social transitions, we discover amazing details of how modern England transformed itself into a social order that benefits everyone. During a certain period in England’s history, class struggle was prevalent. During King John’s reign, social exploitation was rampant as he demanded higher taxes from the nobles who were eager to pay less. A civil war broke out in the country, resulting in the nobles emerging as the winners.

The social system of England had more evolution to undergo. Magna Carta’s creation as a law in 1215 resulted from the persistent class struggle that involved people battling against the elite’s domination. England’s social order has continued to evolve, leading to the development of modern England where social justice plays a crucial role. Every society has social classes. Wealth, power, religion, culture and regions are the basis for these class divisions. The process of classes fighting for power and wealth is like a spinning wheel that never ceases.

The key is for struggles to occur peacefully so no violence takes place during societal transitions. Indeed, societies can make the transition to become better societies through peaceful or violent methods. Leaders who prioritize social stability help maintain peace in societies and motivate individuals to work hard towards gaining wealth which is beneficial for both the state and its people. This phenomenon has been happening in all the developed countries in the contemporary world. America has created billionaires and entrepreneurs who worked hard to achieve upward class mobility and transform their social status.

The state’s institutions safeguarded such individuals, turning them into state assets. America’s emergence as a global leader in economy and technology is due to the successful presence of constructive class struggle in the state. The prevalence of democratic values such as the rule of law, freedom of speech and security of life and property is a prerequisite for it to happen. Negative class struggle, however, leads to the destruction of societies. In what way does this struggle happen? When states become exploitative, individuals suffer in all possible ways. When a state’s institutions become extractive, the elite use them as tools to rule over the masses.

When this happens, the divide between rich and poor grows and they begin to compete for wealth and power. Aristotle said a long time ago, “The rich and poor quarrel with one another and whichever, side gets better, instead of establishing a just or popular government, regards political supremacy as the prize of victory. To safeguard their mutual interests, the powerful and wealthy collaborate to establish laws and regulations that uphold social order. When poor people win, they begin to persecute the wealthy under the guise of justice. Societies face permanent downfall due to such disastrous scenarios, leading to revolutions that destabilize states.

The Arab Spring is an instance where people hit the streets to dethrone their leaders. Decades of consistent class struggle resulted in pushing the people towards poverty, injustice and joblessness, ultimately leading them to choose the extreme option of revolting against their rulers. The Arab states which underwent revolutionary changes, are still grappling to achieve a minimum level of stability and prosperity. The reality of class struggle is evident and its pace can vary between societies – some experience a slow progression while others undergo a rapid one. If a society is troubled by illiteracy and lack of enlightenment, the advancement of social struggle will be imperceptible. Some societies require decades to transform themselves and the reason lies here.

Due to its ethnic diversity, Afghanistan has been unable to achieve a positive class struggle for development and progress. The people of Afghanistan are in a constant power struggle, hindering the formation of a sustainable society. Numerous factors contribute to the class struggle in society. The struggle for power and wealth is the basis for class struggle in some societies, while ethnic and religious differences form the basis in others. When states provide a fair and conducive environment for people to work hard and compete, there is a type of class struggle that brings betterment and progress to societies.

The relevance of Confucius’ views, who lived around 500 BCE, is significant in this regard. In his view, sustainable growth was only possible if societies maintained principles of merit and transparency in their order. According to him, these societies discover the most capable individuals to govern the state. Additionally, he held the belief that such states attract the most skilled individuals. In such a society, positive class struggle arises. A fair social order enables talented and innovative individuals to attain social mobility.

However, elite capture is common in societies where negative class struggle persists and the powerful and wealthy maintain their rule through laws that favour them, leading to chaos and destruction. Social growth incorporates class struggle as a phenomenon that should not be suppressed by violent means which would hinder its positive momentum. Any society that engages in this behaviour faces an unwanted revolution, with far-reaching consequences for those in power and those who are not. Societies of this kind find it nearly impossible to survive as a nation, as their fate is always linked to disintegration.

Societies were established to enable people to achieve their maximum potential. The origins of an unjust social order can be traced back to human hunger and ego. As a result, societies worldwide fought to establish a fair and just social order. Even in modern times, this struggle is still observed. The phenomenon of class struggle in societies has played a significant role in shaping the world map. Unfortunately, many leaders, even in the modern world, fail to understand the importance of fostering a fair society, causing them to be swept away by negative and brutal class struggle which brings destruction and ruin.

 

 

 

#14                     by Waqar Hassan

Critical thinking and our education system

THE brain follows the principles it is trained on. Continuously instructing the brain to memorize and replicate without thinking shapes it into a system that avoids thinking creatively and excels at reproducing familiar concepts. The consequence of this is the death of intellect and growth. A striking reality is revealed by the progress graph of nations, indicating that those nations that preferred adopting critical thinking achieved maximum progress. Critical thinking is a tool that nations employ to develop a competitive edge in every area of life. When education systems stray from critical learning and resort to rote memorization, the development of innovative minds is stifled.

In our educational realm, the idea of critical thinking has yet to become a reality. The educational system in our schools and colleges emphasizes rote learning as a key factor in determining a student’s career success. Paying a surprise visit to any school in Pakistan might reveal a disturbing truth: Students mainly learn how to cram their syllabus and take pride in reproducing the same content on papers, thinking they are on the path to excellence. It’s similar to condemning future generations to a life of darkness. Regrettably, students often don’t appreciate the practical value of their education until it’s too late, leaving them feeling regretful about their past with little hope for the future. Sadly, except for a few schools and colleges, the focus on fostering critical thinking in young students is declining.

Are we truly headed towards a bright future? Analyzing the effects of having this educational system is necessary to answer the question. The school years are a critical period for brain development, where the brain can become a hub of growth and prosperity. If students are provided with a non-productive environment during this time, they will fail to develop the minimum capacity to achieve something exceptional in their lifetime. The growth process of such individuals experiences a steady decline when they start their professional career.

Such a system generates mindsets that hinder the ability of future leaders, teachers and social influencers to think innovatively. Failure to think critically can lead these individuals to cause social, political and economic decline in a state. Education systems can change the fate of nations. The ability to think better leads to better decision-making. Nations that value critical thinking in their education systems thrive in all domains. Japan and Singapore have abandoned the concept of grading students and are focusing on developing the mindset of their youths. This visionary approach of these countries has brought evident outcomes of prosperity, surpassing all the nations in the region.

Productive schooling has a lasting impact on the social, political and economic sectors. Societies that value critical thinking over memorization tend to foster individuals who contribute more effectively to building a sustainable social structure. Additionally, these people exhibit enhanced political acumen and make wise choices while picking their leaders. Innovative thinking is a prerequisite of development in the modern world and critical thinking supports it. The ability to think critically can lead individuals to transform their lives during challenging times. In today’s world, where depression and frustration are common, this serves as an antidote to both.

A nation that produces critical thinkers enables its leaders to govern with greater confidence. Leading such a nation becomes easy for leaders, but forcefully driving them becomes impossible. Thriving democracies have succeeded because their education system has developed individuals who can think critically and help solve national challenges across all fields. When schools and colleges promote productive learning, a nation experiences peace, tranquillity and social stability. Populist leaders find it difficult to manipulate critical thinkers with their hollow slogans. Such individuals abide by laws to create an environment for growth and prosperity.

Today, we are witnessing several social evils such as extremism, social division, polarization, poverty, declining democratic values and political hatred. The learning system we have is responsible for generating people who can only think in a specific manner. This means that individuals with such a mindset will accept any input without analyzing it critically. In this age of battles of minds, critical thinking has become essential. Without enabling our people to discern what’s good and what’s bad for them and their country, how can we compete and fight in the contemporary world? Innovation in the education sector is necessary to equip future generations with critical thinking skills to lead successful individual lives and become catalysts for societal change. The need of the hour is an immediate change in the learning environment. Classrooms should prioritize understanding over memorization.

The ability of teachers to encourage critical thinking in students is crucial in this context. The classroom environment needs to encourage students to ask questions and teachers should help them build confidence to think creatively. Furthermore, our evaluation system necessitates a drastic change by incorporating problem-based questions that require pupils to employ their education to tackle practical issues in their daily lives and surroundings.  The exams need to evaluate students’ views on various situations that relate to what they have learned. Moreover, the exam system for matric and intermediate levels should include studying case studies of successful nations as a mode of learning meaningful lessons for national success, expecting students to apply them to our social, political and economic problems.

The teaching methodology needs a massive transformation. To achieve this, the selection process for teachers will need a complete overhaul to focus on selecting teachers who can make it happen for the students and the country. This method is the sole way to create individuals with the skill set to tackle social, political and economic issues. Research-based education should be given in universities to enable students to apply their learning to real-life situations. The significance of critical learning in education has been acknowledged worldwide and it is time for us to prioritize this goal. Disregarding the warning means the system will only generate youngsters who will never achieve the capacity and ability to transform national discourse.

 

 

 

 

#15                     by Waqar Hassan

Ways to transform our education sector

THE modern world requires individuals to be competent in social, economic and political fields for national benefits. Education is a tool that can be used to achieve competence in all areas. Has any nation in the modern world ever outperformed another without revamping its education system? The question seems incomprehensible given the progress made in education across the world. Pakistan’s performance in social, economic and political domains has been subpar. There’s no end in sight unless we collectively agree to overhaul our educational sector. Unpopular measures must be taken, which requires a significant sacrifice.

The education sector is in need of radical reforms. The state is presently handling more than one education curriculum. The syllabus lacks uniformity. It creates an opportunity gap restricting many talented people from acquiring exceptional progress. To level the playing field and provide equal opportunities, a single national curriculum must be implemented. Without a standardized curriculum, equal education will continue to be a distant goal.

Additionally, because of the class divide in our education system, many students are unable to achieve equal educational standards. Access to quality education should be funded by the state for children from impoverished backgrounds. Labelling a system as fair and just is unjust when there is a significant gap in equal opportunities in education. The division between the rich and poor is prevalent in the education sector. If the educational field limits access to quality education for children from poor families due to economic disparities, it fails to achieve the essence of education. Introducing a system that prioritizes parity and equality for all is the most urgent need. Allowing disparities in education will lead to social inequalities that can destroy our social fabric.

Unchecked gender inequality in education impedes sustained growth. The education sector’s failure to boost enrollment rates in the country is surpassed by the disappointing ratio of girls attending schools. The education sector has faced a hurdle in achieving gender parity for sustained growth. To achieve sustained growth, we must not only focus on enrolling as many children, particularly girls, as possible but also increasing the enrollment rate year after year. Achieving a better literacy rate in the country requires an unwavering effort and political commitment to sustain growth in education.

To boost the efficiency of the education system, the country should delegate education matters to the grassroots level. Policy formulation must prioritize local governance of the education system. Immediate attention is needed to assign districts the task of enrolling the maximum number of students and ensuring quality education. By devolving matters to districts instead of provinces, each district has a chance to excel. The education sector will experience a transformation with yearly district-wise performance reports. For progress to continue in the education sector, political actors must avoid interference and remain aloof. To achieve efficiency, transparency and productivity in education, it’s better to involve civil society in forming educational boards at the district level.

The goal should be to empower district-level leaders in the education sector to collaborate with government bodies and bring about complete transformation. In addition, evaluation of high performance is still questionable in many academic institutions due to corrupted criteria influenced by nepotism and corruption. Local political influence obstructs performance-based selection in rural areas while the lack of checks on the private sector undermines excellence in education performance. Overcoming this hurdle is possible with high-performing local boards that involve civil society and bureaucracy. It must be devoid of any political influence.

The education sector should employ a competitive selection process to choose brilliant minds for teaching future generations. The education sector demands the best minds and thus the selection criteria for teachers needs significant improvement. It’s crucial for the education sector to prioritize critical thinking skills for children since many schools, including many elite institutions, focus on rote memorization rather than fostering independent thought. Our students’ critical thinking has been hindered, resulting in serious consequences for them when they enter their professional lives. The evaluation of students’ performance also requires an independent educational body. The educational body must hold exams, in addition to school-based exams, to keep an eye on the standard of education in schools.

The primary focus of this body should be to target schools that use cramming as a mechanism to give marks. Such bodies should be authorized to carry out reforms that discourage rote learning and encourage critical thinking. In addition, our education sector still lacks in preparing teachers to serve in the field. Preparing teachers should receive massive investment. Teachers need national-level academy training to learn international education practices. Private schools and their teachers must be a part of this endeavour and the training. Harmonizing the teaching methodology nationwide will greatly improve the efficiency of the education sector.

Technological transformation is a necessity for the education sector. The cost of technological devices has decreased, making them affordable. Neglecting technology in education can lead to long-term repercussions depriving the education sector of its productivity and efficiency. In addition, our universities need to choose programs that can assist students in obtaining jobs globally. Many universities provide degree programs that offer little practical value beyond earning a degree. For fruitful results of the above-mentioned points, the government must show serious willpower to transform the education sector. Achieving the desired results requires consistent implementation of policies.

The pace of change in the world is fast and our education system’s shortcomings are now a significant obstacle to our development and advancement. In addition to funding, education reforms are necessary to produce innovative mindsets that can drive economic growth, transform technology and create a stronger and more secure society. Unless this is done, even funding for education will lead to minimal results. Education is the foundation of a nation’s future. Pakistan possesses the ability to excel in the global arena. This can be achieved solely by enabling our people to perform at their highest level. The education sector must undergo transformation as a primary step. The faster we understand this, the sooner progress and prosperity will come.

 

 

#16                     by Waqar Hassan

The water misery

CAN you imagine waking up to meet critical deadlines, only to find out that there’s no water in your city? You’d abandon your deadlines and crave access to water, even if it meant leaving the city permanently. Our existence is supported by water. It serves as both a fuel and a lifeline for humans. Without sufficient water, humans cannot even think of surviving a few days. Water is essential in all domains of life, unlike other natural resources. Due to its use for drinking, water is considered a valuable resource. Households make use of water as well. A day without a water supply at home is unbearable for humans. An ample water supply is crucial to the industrial sector. The agricultural industry, responsible for feeding and supporting millions, relies entirely on a consistent water supply for producing crops.

Today, the water crisis has become a real monster. Water scarcity is a growing concern worldwide, and developing countries will bear the brunt of its worst effects. According to a report from the Water Resource Institute, India and Pakistan may experience extreme water stress by 2040. A doomsday awaits both nuclear countries in this scenario. India’s planned dams on water tributaries may turn water stress into a nightmare for Pakistan’s bread basket. Pakistan’s water situation may deteriorate further, not just due to its poor availability but also due to a multitude of other factors. People are not aware of the wise usage of water. Many people waste the precious resource of water due to lack of education. The people of the state have not yet grasped the concept of water conservation. Due to the lack of awareness regarding water conservation, people unintentionally waste water which leads to pressure on fresh water resources, particularly in urban areas.

Moreover, the agricultural industry still employs irrigation methods that are several decades old. Poor and unplanned water distribution leads to water waste and negatively affects agricultural productivity. The situation is worrisome because future water scarcity could hinder food production in the already struggling agricultural sector. The majority of industries in Pakistan’s industrial sector do not use modern water conservation techniques despite the significant amount of water they consume. Additionally, industrial waste contaminates the existing natural sources of clean water, worsening the situation. Pakistan’s poor economic performance makes it hard to invest in alternative water sources if water becomes scarce for the population. Pakistan may face difficulties in investing in new water technologies to expand freshwater supplies. Techniques like desalination, which are modern, are still not cost-effective for removing salt from seawater. Likewise, other means of creating and preserving freshwater reserves, such as aquifer water extraction, necessitate significant investment.

These factors paint a gloomy picture of Pakistan’s water availability in the near future. The social and economic consequences of water scarcity would be devastating for the state. Pakistan will face insurmountable internal and external challenges if it fails to come up with a solid plan to avoid this crisis. The water crisis has been causing a lot of friction among the provinces, leading to a sense of disintegration in the country. Additionally, social resentment could be the final outcome if this crisis worsens. When only a small percentage of people hold all the power and resources in a social structure, chaos ensues. If water becomes scarce in the future, the affluent and resourceful class will have an advantage in surviving which could lead to resentment among those who are affected by the crisis. Our society is unable to handle the social stress that could endanger people’s survival, so we cannot afford this.

The scarcity of water will have a significant impact on agricultural productivity, causing an increase in the prices of commodities and food items. The social agony and crisis will be exacerbated by the inflation surge. Furthermore, our industrial sector can’t bear the brunt of a water crisis. Our industrial sector, which has already been struggling due to the energy crisis, will be severely impacted by the impending water crisis. The risk of external threats from our immediate neighbours is high in this situation. It is the worst-case scenario for a state to rely on its neighbouring country for water supply. Pakistan must act swiftly to emerge victorious in the race against time. The water crisis is like a ticking time bomb that threatens the country’s internal and external security. Water education is crucial right now. The initial step in the right direction is to educate people on water conservation. Water education can be effectively spread by the media. Water conservation can be the solution to the nation’s problems and aid the government in managing future crises. To navigate through difficult times, a country needs a responsible and responsive citizenry.

Additionally, it is crucial for the citizens of the nation, particularly political parties, to agree on constructing more water conservation spaces, such as big and small dams. The implementation of this model needs to be taken seriously at the federal and provincial levels. A joint effort by both federal and provincial governments is necessary to solve this emerging crisis. The only way to conserve water is through modern agricultural and industrial patterns. To conserve water, drip irrigation is compulsory in agriculture, while water purification and recycling plants are necessary in industrial sectors. Pakistan must also recover economically, as ideas without funding are mere hallucinations. Pakistan needs substantial investment to shield its people from the grasp of the water crisis, in addition to executing the proposed measures.

Pakistan should establish an inclusive society where all groups have equal access to water. It’s essential to build internal strength to fight against this threat. Many South Asian nations, including Pakistan, are facing an existential threat due to the real danger of a water crisis. It’s time to take action for the betterment of our nation’s future. Failing to improve their situation could lead Pakistan towards a future of water scarcity, leaving future generations vulnerable. Is it right to condemn future generations to a dismal future due to the water crisis? Absolutely not, that’s the answer.

 

#17                     by Waqar Hassan

Of careful education

CONSIDER, for a moment, the ripple effect of a single droplet falling into a pond. Much like this, every individual, upon their birth, becomes an integral part of the fabric of their environment. The role of an individual has a massive impact on society. For a progressive and growth-oriented social order, the transformation of people’s roles is key. It’s within this context that we realize the immense importance of education. Education takes root from the very moment a child enters the world. Childhood, a phase characterized by rapid growth, serves as the fertile ground where nascent thoughts are nurtured, beliefs are moulded and visions are honed. It’s during this formative period that the moral and ethical underpinnings of a person’s character are most profoundly shaped.

Education, however, is not a finite journey; it unfolds as a lifelong odyssey. Yet, life’s unfolding stages reveal a poignant truth: education realizes its utmost potential only when it adheres to the principles of meaningful and thoughtful education. This introduces the concept of careful education. Careful education is a philosophy that aspires to cultivate individuals whose mere presence enriches their surroundings. Such individuals build a system where wickedness is eradicated and humility is deeply ingrained. Empathy blooms into a deep and abiding force, rendering individuals intrinsically selfless. Careful education has the power to transform one’s personality and create human beings with unmatched intellect and wisdom.

Strengthening one’s foundation by addressing weaknesses in the human character is the goal of careful education. This leads to the birth of a person who is resistant to all social evils. The basics of morality must be so deeply ingrained in a person’s mindset through careful education that no evil attraction can tempt them away from the right path. In the complex web of human society, one can find seeds of vice, such as jealousy, which can sprout into hatred, resulting from negative emotional outbursts. When these negative emotions sway, critical thinking which is the core objective of careful education, is stifled. Yet, careful education equips individuals with the tools to transcend these destructive emotions, fostering an environment characterized by tolerance and mutual harmony.

Careful education transforms individuals into sagacious beings, resolute in their resistance to the allure of power gained through exploitation. In life’s intricate tapestry, individuals often encounter choices, leading either down an ethical or an unethical path. The pressure of peer influence can sometimes make choosing the right path seem exceedingly difficult, leading individuals to adopt pathways devoid of ethical foundations. This is where the importance of careful education becomes evident. Careful education not only empowers individuals to make ethical choices but also fortifies them with the courage to resist unethical pressures, acting as a bulwark against the encroaching tide of evil. Such fortitude prevents malevolent tendencies from permeating society.

Society is a tapestry woven by the individuals within it. Careful education instills serenity within society, as individuals collectively seek peace and support each other in constructing a harmonious community. However, when this harmony is absent, negative social forces penetrate society’s core, corroding it to an unfathomable depth, ultimately leading to its collapse. Careful education serves a specific purpose. Any educational framework devoid of these fundamental elements falls tragically short of its true purpose. In today’s world, education is often reduced to a means of acquiring jobs and earning an undeniably vital livelihood. However, careful education goes beyond this; it transforms an individual’s way of thinking and behaving.

Careful education focuses on enhancing the moral and ethical foundation of people. It brings tranquillity, spreads love, and generates peace. In societies where careful education thrives, there is a reduced need for stringent rules and regulations. Individuals, sculpted by careful education, naturally abide by the law, even when there is no compulsion to do so. Ethical individuals understand not only how to live but also how to ensure the security and well-being of their fellow beings. They reject the allure of selfishness and resist the enticements of avarice and exploitation. They view everyone through the lens of protection and goodwill and they never abandon the traits of kindness and empathy in their dealings.

A carefully educated individual becomes an exemplar of selflessness, truthfulness and unwavering character. Careful education becomes the primary tool in achieving the milestone of moulding individuals into societal role models. In a society where education is approached with care and deliberation, there is no need to impose strict laws, as individuals naturally act ethically. The concept of careful education revolves around the creation of individuals who excel in displaying exemplary character and morality. This prompts us to ponder whether we are providing our people with this much-needed education or if our educational institutions have become mere degree-granting machines, with little value attached to the degrees they confer.

This introspection serves as a compass guiding us to understand the social behaviour we witness today and offers a path toward societal transformation. However, it requires dedicated and selfless effort, as ignorance often underlies many societal evils. Education devoid of the essence of careful education bears no fruit. Societies that neglect the principles of careful education face the direst social consequences. Our education sector is lacking the characteristics of careful education which is evident in the prevalence of social vices in our society today. Both society and the state have been negatively impacted due to this, resulting in severe consequences.

The worrisome dissemination of social vices is a warning sign that we need to modify the way we educate our youth. It’s urgent to establish an educational system that guides our youth through careful education principles. The secret to attaining social, political and economic gains is teaching our people to gain unmatchable moral character. Without a doubt, Careful education is the only answer to making it a reality. The time has come to ask ourselves if we are, by neglecting careful education, steering toward a social catastrophe. Failure to address this question could lead to facing the consequences, as time, like a relentless machine, marches forward without pause.

 

#18                     by Waqar Hassan

Becoming a harmless being

THIS universe works on the principle of reciprocity. It is impossible to defy nature. Deceiving nature leads to permanent demise. The same principle applies to the lives of individuals. It’s natural for those who help humanity to live a tranquil and content life. They derive happiness not from accumulating wealth and materialistic possessions but from acting like a candle that lights up people’s lives. Developing a harmless demeanour is crucial for nurturing collective well-being and promoting harmony. Intrinsic harm is caused by anything that inflicts adversity upon others. Harmful elements are instinctively perceived as threats by human nature, leading individuals to mobilize all possible resources to eliminate them.

Human life’s intricate tapestry provides us with the opportunity to interact with fellow beings. The complex nature of society requires us to form friendships, develop social ties and live together harmoniously for mutual survival and communal progress. Despite this, a fundamental inquiry endures: What exactly is the best way to flourish and foster an environment that promotes the welfare of everyone? The answer lies in adopting the persona of a harmless individual, someone who demonstrates kindness and empathy in their interactions with others. Becoming a harmless being involves a multi-dimensional dedication that includes various qualities that work together for the betterment of humanity.

Regrettably, societal norms have transformed to the point where we only reserve the term “harmful” for the most heinous crimes. Certain conventions and principles within modern societies perpetuate pervasive harm within the social fabric, paradoxically internalized despite being seemingly innocuous. Although causing physical harm is widely condemned, various actions can be harmful and destroy human relationships and societal harmony.

The manifestation of malicious intent is undeniably reprehensible when it involves intentionally causing physical harm to someone. People who have wicked motives fulfill their desire for power and control through such detestable actions. However, the range of harmful actions is more than just physical harm. To view someone with disdain is a harmful act. The center of hatred drives the desire to harm the despised. The hatred often results in a hidden desire to harm, but the lack of practical ways to do so restrains the individual, causing them to foster this hostility as a way to satisfy their craving for destruction.

Similarly, engaging in slanderous talk to defame someone’s character is also considered harmful. It is a fallacy to think that expressing anger or attacking someone’s character has no ethical consequences. The truth is that such actions cause direct harm to the intended target, violating ethical standards that form the foundation of peaceful coexistence. Furthermore, the range of harm includes misleading others, which is often motivated by the desire to impede the progress of those considered threats. Even the act of casting harmful glances at others, commonly referred to as the “evil eye”, doesn’t avoid causing harm. Looking at someone with bad intentions is morally unjustified. Instead, this kind of conduct is morally unacceptable as it invites pain and suffering into the lives of those affected by it.

Moreover, winning someone’s trust and then betraying the person is the most harmful thing one can do to others. Trust is a rare commodity. A person of character will always keep the secrets entrusted to them, even in the face of conflicting interests. Our shared human experience is soured by such kind of dishonest practices that perpetuate harm. Any action taken to rob people of their happiness and joy is a criminal act that provides harm to others. The hidden reality reveals that causing harm to others is equivalent to sowing harm to oneself. Consequences of causing harm always return to the person, causing pain and suffering. While the path of being a harmless person is full of challenges, the benefits, especially peace of mind and fulfilment, are immeasurable.

On the other hand, people who cause harm to others, whether intentionally or not, always end up living a life without peace. Their existence is marked by an unending cycle of discontent, as they remain trapped in their quagmire. The question arises: Why choose to harm others when you could work on self-improvement? In both work and family settings, some individuals have harmful intentions toward others, often hurting themselves in the process. Throughout human history, the battle between good and evil has been a recurring theme. Whether intentional or not, many individuals get involved in spreading harmful ideologies that infiltrate society, often without realizing the full extent of the consequences. Individuals who seek immediate satisfaction by harming others through their words or actions may experience brief moments of happiness, but they always feel remorseful later in life for their actions.

Protecting others, however, is a selfless act that provides advantages to all involved. This noble pursuit promotes brotherhood and encourages mutual respect and empathy. There’s no doubt that the highest level of human achievement is to be a harmless individual who prioritizes the well-being of others. Humanity’s greatest potential lies in the collective efforts of those who tirelessly work to enhance the lives of others, pushing society toward a future marked by compassion, mutual understanding and shared progress. To evolve human consciousness, we must embrace our role as harmless being in the intricate tapestry of existence. It is necessary to develop virtues that go beyond self-interest to improve humanity altogether.

In a world often filled with malevolence and strife, the pursuit of harmlessness serves as a symbol of hope and demonstrates the lasting potential for good that exists in every individual. Amidst humanity’s journey through time’s labyrinthine corridors, the path of the harmless being exemplifies the triumph of compassion, resilience and collective well-being. The presence of such harmful tendencies in society today is indicative of a decline in our moral and ethical values. The fact that evil mindsets causing harm to others with impunity have created a fertile ground for bloodshed and chaos is a wake-up call for us as a society. Life is a precious gift, but it’s meaningless if we don’t benefit others. Together, let’s journey towards becoming selfless individuals spreading positivity around us.

 

 

 

#19                     by Waqar Hassan

Women's universities as agents of change

EDUCATION is a means to attain awareness. The key to unlocking paths of personal growth is awareness. Personal growth is what makes one the epitome of success in life. The transformative power of education extends beyond individuals to entire nations. Education is a scarce resource in many developing countries. This statement is especially applicable to women in developing countries. Educating women is often undervalued and their social and economic roles are limited in many developing countries. The unfortunate truth is that due to this way of thinking, a lot of developing nations are struggling to find the way forward toward social, economic and political growth that is necessary for attaining progress and prosperity.

Women in Pakistan are making progress in receiving adequate education, but social and cultural obstacles still prevent many from obtaining this crucial element of life, despite the government’s efforts. The majority of obstacles stem from misunderstandings about co-education systems in universities. Nevertheless, there are authentic apprehensions that parents have concerning educating their daughters. The belief system of some must not be challenged, so instead of forcing co-education, women-only universities should be created to respect individual rights to education. Women’s universities serve as catalysts for change, elevating the trend of women’s education. Women’s universities have the potential to remove social and cultural hurdles, creating a favourable environment for women to pursue education.

Worldwide, women’s universities are being recognized for their significant contribution to empowering women and promoting social change. These organizations are driving change by acknowledging the importance of women’s role in society and equipping them with education and opportunities to create a lasting impact. Women’s universities shape nations by empowering women with knowledge, skills and confidence, resulting in prosperity and progress. The importance of women’s education in societal development cannot be emphasized enough. UNESCO Institute for Statistics reports that global literacy rates display significant gender disparities. Poverty, cultural norms and discriminatory practices are among the numerous barriers that prevent women and girls from accessing education in many countries. Nevertheless, women’s universities are essential in tackling these obstacles and improving women’s literacy rates.

Women’s universities are a strong driver of women’s empowerment. These institutions encourage self-worth, confidence and independence in their students through a supportive and inclusive learning environment. The encouragement of women to challenge societal norms and traditional gender roles enables them to pursue their dreams and aspirations. In addition, women’s universities play a crucial role in combating societal problems like gender inequality, discrimination and violence against women. These institutions provide secure environments for women to express themselves, learn about their rights and acquire the tools they need to combat and eradicate these societal injustices. Women’s universities empower individuals and enhance the development of societies. Women who are nurtured and empowered in various sectors become a source of social growth and progress.

Female universities can motivate those women who leave their educational endeavours due to some system-related obstacles to study in women’s universities and develop into leaders, experts and innovators who catalyze progress, entrepreneurship and constructive social changes. Additionally, women’s universities endorse the idea of mutual growth and cooperation as such universities allow women to grow with men in the community. Moreover, the concept of equal progress remains a distant dream in the absence of equal opportunities for women in education. Women’s universities emphasize creating a culture of solidarity and collective progress, supporting and uplifting women in society. The formation of women’s universities can promote collaboration, mentorship and cooperation by nurturing a supportive environment, leading to collective progress and social cohesion.

The Aga Khan University in Pakistan is dedicated to addressing societal issues. Empowering women through education has been the primary goal of the university, which was founded in 1983. The aim of the Women Leadership Academy (WLA), which is an Aga Khan University initiative, is to improve women’s leadership and decision-making capacity within civil society. The university actively engages with communities to promote gender equality, health and social development through its programs. The Aga Khan University is transforming Pakistan’s social fabric by producing educated and empowered graduates.

Women’s universities not only have an immediate impact but also transform women into nation-builders, playing a crucial role in shaping the future of nations. The institutions aim to equip women with the skills and knowledge to become influential mentors and educators, making a lasting impact on future generations. When women are educated, they can train and develop future leaders, leading to progress and societal advancement. Women’s universities can dismantle gender inequality and oppression. In many societies, women face significant social and religious constraints that hinder their access to co-education setups. Women’s universities offer a secure and encouraging atmosphere for women to achieve their goals and ambitions without societal obstacles. Women’s universities drive progress by empowering women and effecting social, economic and political change. Through education, skills and confidence-building, these institutions empower women to challenge societal norms, overcome barriers and drive positive changes. The role of women’s universities is crucial in promoting inclusivity, breaking gender inequality and fostering a grown mindset.

The formation of women’s universities should be a top priority for our government and policymakers. It is essential to allocate enough funds to tap into the potential of women by educating them. Furthermore, targeting underserved areas is necessary to achieve gender parity. Actively involving provincial governments to take charge in this regard is cardinal. To pave the way for women’s success in the country, the creation of women’s universities requires a productive setting. Nations thrive by generating chances for their citizens and if a government abandons its women, it will experience a decline in all developmental areas. This is the moment to offer women all the feasible chances to receive education and the formation of women’s universities is a stepping stone in this direction. This can resolve Pakistan’s chronic social, economic and political woes. Pakistan’s brighter future is contingent only on enabling its women to make a full contribution. To achieve this milestone, women’s universities can become a catalyst of tangible transformation for Pakistan.

 

 

 

#20                     by Waqar Hassan

Extremism: A curse

THE growth of nations is fuelled by societies that cultivate beautiful minds. Social progress can be achieved solely through the prevalence of progressive tendencies in societies. However, if nations embrace extremist tendencies, it leads to their ultimate demise. Extremism has been a destructive monster throughout history, destroying societies. One of the biggest challenges that Pakistan is currently facing is extremism. The country’s social structure has been overshadowed by this dark spectre, causing societal factions to collide. The growing menace of extremism has negated the concept of mutual co-existence, once a cornerstone of Pakistani society.

Two periods in Pakistan’s history can be linked to the origins of this worrisome trend. The Russian invasion of Afghanistan led to the beginning of radical tendencies in the country. Following that, the country’s social fabric became radicalized due to the repercussions of the war on terror. The savage monster of extremism thrived due to these two horrifying happenings in the history of the country. Other than these two events in our history, we have struggled to establish social, political and religious harmony. The reasons are self-evident. We were never inclined towards implementing the necessary changes in the education system to counter radicalism and extremism in society. Failing to address social inequalities added fuel to the fire of radicalism and extremism, allowing them to spread across the country.

The decline of democratic values made the situation worse and provided an opportunity for anti-state elements to spread extremism and radicalism. The lack of tolerance and patience in our social character has led to a struggle with widespread intolerance and radicalism in our nation. The erosion of the social structure led to a loss of brotherhood and social harmony. Pakistan’s gradual decline in mutual understanding and acceptance is in contrast to its past reputation for diverse cultural heritage and pluralistic values. The essence of nationhood was challenged when people began identifying more with their religious affiliations or sects than with the broader notion of being Pakistani. The rich tapestry of cultural diversity started to fray due to intolerance and deepening societal fissures.

In the present day, the curse of extremism has engulfed multiple factions of Pakistani society like wildfire. Intolerance and radicalism are becoming more frequent, thus undermining the nation’s progress and stability. Minor political or religious differences have the potential to lead to violent confrontations that can shatter the delicate fabric of society. Educational institutions, designed to promote intellectual flourishing, have at times been unsuccessful in halting extremist ideologies from infecting our society. The youth, who are often most vulnerable to radicalization, are at risk of being misguided by extremist propaganda that preys on their frustration and disillusionment.

Social progress in Pakistan has been severely impeded by the widespread prevalence of extremism. A healthy democratic society requires dialogue, debate and compromise, but extremist elements advocating for a narrow-minded worldview leave little room for them. Suppression of dissent and diverse opinions is preventing the nation from exploring new ideas and innovative solutions leading to intellectual stagnation. In addition, the country’s economic growth and development are hindered by extremism. The weapon of fifth-generation warfare has been utilized by Pakistan’s enemies to spread radical and extremist tendencies leading to an increased perception of instability and violence.

We need to find a mechanism to fight this war as without a secure environment, ideas and cultural exchange cannot freely flow in Pakistan, causing the country’s further isolation from the global community. Pakistan requires a multi-dimensional approach that targets the underlying causes and encourages education, tolerance and inclusivity to escape from the profound pit of extremism. Countering extremism requires education to play a critical role. To encourage critical thinking, religious tolerance and civic responsibility, the curriculum needs to be updated. It is important to train teachers to recognize and prevent radicalization within their institutions. Bridging gaps and fostering understanding between different religious communities can be achieved through encouraging dialogue. The promotion of empathy and harmony through interfaith initiatives can dispel misconceptions and prejudices that fuel extremism. The media has a vital role to play in shaping public perception. To combat extremism fueled by misinformation and biased narratives, responsible journalism should emphasize the importance of unity, resilience and positive change for social survival.

The government needs to secure the rule of law. The focus should be on bringing extremist elements to justice and equipping law enforcement agencies to combat terrorism and extremism effectively. It’s crucial to empower local communities to combat extremism themselves. The root causes of radicalization can be identified and addressed by grassroots organizations and civil society working together. The social fabric and progress of Pakistan are being negatively impacted by the ongoing challenge of extremism. The fire of chaos, destruction and social disintegration, owing to the rise in extremism, can engulf our society in mere seconds. Neutralizing this existential threat is our responsibility. Educational reforms, interfaith dialogue, responsible media, legal and judicial measures and active community engagement are necessary for Pakistan to confront extremism and reclaim the spirit of brotherhood, mutual co-existence and social progress.

We cannot survive if we remain divided. The enemies of Pakistan have been trying to spread the curse of radicalism and extremism in the country. Pakistan must tackle this issue to progress towards a secure future. Pakistan requires a collective effort and determination to combat extremism and pave the way for a harmonious and prosperous future. This is the only panacea for addressing our social and political divisions to make Pakistan a progressive state. Prosperity and extremist tendencies cannot coexist in any nation worldwide. Our society has reached a point where we must take wise measures to promote harmony and mutual co-existence. Staying united is our strength as Pakistan is a diverse country. If we fail to accept this reality, the malice of extremism will empower our enemies to further aggravate our problems. It is time to act before time and tide slip out of our control. We undoubtedly have the capacity and wisdom to make it happen.

 

 

#21                     by Waqar Hassan

Education for freedom

EDUCATION has long been revered as the quintessential catalyst for personal growth and societal progress. Its metamorphic influence transcends the mere dissemination of knowledge, extending into the realm of cultivating a mindset rooted in liberation and freedom. Education endows individuals with an acute awareness of their rights, thereby empowering them to break the shackles of dependence and embark on lives characterized by empowerment. The concept of education for freedom is based on the notion of illuminating the intellectual, political, moral and ethical standards of societies.

Education assumes the mantle of an intellectual springboard, enabling individuals to challenge the prevailing orthodoxy and ascend to leadership roles within their respective domains. By nurturing critical thinking faculties and honing problem-solving skills, education serves as a conduit for the exploration of novel ideas and perspectives. Educated individuals, no longer constrained by the parochial boundaries of conventional wisdom, embrace a panoramic worldview that extols the virtues of freedom and autonomy.

In the realm of politics, education plays an integral role in moulding societies that uphold the principles of freedom and democracy. Enlightened citizens are more inclined to actively engage in the political sphere, holding their leaders accountable and championing policies that safeguard individual liberties. Education imbues individuals with the values of civic duty, instilling within them the confidence to responsibly exercise their rights.

Moreover, education imparts invaluable moral guidance, equipping individuals with the ethical compass required to navigate the intricacies of decision-making. By fostering empathy, kindness and humility, education forges compassionate and responsible members of society. Armed with an understanding of the importance of upholding the rights and dignity of others, morally educated individuals contribute to the preservation of freedom for all.

Education, in essence, paves the path to personal freedom. It empowers individuals to chart their courses, shaping their destinies and transcending the limitations imposed by circumstances. Education furnishes individuals with the indispensable skills and knowledge essential for navigating the complexities of the modern world, enabling them to achieve financial independence, pursue gratifying vocations and embrace lives of self-determination. By furnishing individuals with the tools to shape their destinies, education becomes the veritable gateway to personal freedom.

Moreover, education exerts a profound influence on lifestyle choices, societal norms and values. It aids individuals in safeguarding their cultural heritage while fostering acceptance of diversity and harmonious coexistence. Through education, societies can collectively strive toward peace, eradicate poverty and confront the challenges posed by environmental degradation. Education fosters critical thinking on matters such as pollution, sustainable development and human rights empowering individuals to take informed action to protect their environment and ensure the survival of future generations.

Education serves as a guiding light, endowing individuals with awareness of their rights and responsibilities. It cultivates the delicate balance between personal aspirations and collective well-being. Education elucidates the significance of striking a harmonious equilibrium between personal freedom and the welfare of others. It promotes empathy, care and independence, urging individuals to exercise their freedom judiciously and in a manner that does not infringe upon the rights of others.

Through education, individuals develop the capacity to transcend ego-driven conflicts and engage in meaningful discourse. Education nurtures the indispensable skills of negotiation, compromise and collaboration which form the bedrock for peaceful conflict resolution and social harmony. By fostering leaders endowed with a deep understanding of the intricacies of the human experience, education emerges as the catalyst for propelling progress and facilitating the establishment of a just and equitable society.

Education engenders positive outcomes in areas ranging from marriage and religion to social acceptance. It confronts entrenched norms and prejudices, exhorting individuals to scrutinize and reassess long-standing beliefs. Education champions inclusivity, combating discrimination and fostering acceptance of diverse cultures, religions and identities. By celebrating differences rather than perceiving them as threats, education paves the way for a society that embraces the principles of freedom and equality.

Furthermore, education emboldens individuals to confront challenges head-on and surmount obstacles. It equips them with the requisite skills and knowledge to tackle issues such as poverty, corruption and social inequality. Education breeds resilience and fortitude, instilling the unwavering belief that change is attainable and that individuals wield the power to shape their circumstances. By instilling a sense of agency, education dismantles the invisible barriers that impede individuals and furnishes them with the tools to forge their unique paths toward freedom.

Education for freedom represents a transformative force that emancipates individuals from the clutches of dependence, empowering them to lead lives characterized by autonomy and self-determination. Through its intellectual, political, moral and personal dimensions, education assumes the mantle of a catalytic force propelling personal growth, societal advancement and the preservation of fundamental rights. By embracing education for freedom, we lay the groundwork for a future where each individual has the opportunity to flourish, contribute meaningfully to society and bask in the true essence of freedom.

In today’s world, a significant portion of the population finds themselves ensnared by their desires and needs, often sacrificing personal happiness to gain the approval of others. The prevalence of self-proclaimed intellectuals further exacerbates this problem, trapping many in a cycle of subservience. This monster of ego fuels pointless conflicts and struggles, perpetuating the enslavement of individuals in our society.

Moreover, flawed political philosophies have enslaved the majority of the population, with widespread illiteracy being the root cause of this modern-day slavery. Developing nations, in particular, rely heavily on advanced nations for economic, social and technological survival. This great disparity in education between developed and developing nations has created a vast chasm in all aspects of life—economics, social dynamics and technology.

Recognizing education as the ultimate solution to breaking the chains of slavery is the key to achieving independence, both at an individual and national level. Education serves as the liberating force, unlocking the door to freedom in life. However, despite this reality, many individuals and nations deny the power of education, thus relegating freedom to a distant and unattainable dream. Embracing education as the cornerstone of progress is essential to realizing true freedom for oneself and society as a whole.

 

 

#22                     by Waqar Hassan

Good governance: A dream gone sour?

A state’s success heavily depends on the efficiency and productivity of its governing structure. Effective public service delivery requires good governance, which is a fundamental requirement for any nation’s progress. Crucial governance-related reforms have not been implemented by subsequent governments in Pakistan, leading to the malice of poor governance haunting the country’s governing model. Good governance gains its strength from the pillars of equity, equality and inclusiveness.

A cornerstone of good governance lies in the enforcement of the rule of law. Tom Bingham highlights the importance of a robust rule of law in promoting good governance in his book “The Rule of Law: Its Nature and General Applications.” He stresses that the rule of law is essential for achieving justice, equality and accountability. The weak enforcement of laws in Pakistan has tragically eroded public trust in the system. The dream of good governance has been shattered due to pervasive corruption and unstoppable political influence, compromising the efficiency of the system. The prevailing culture of impunity in this environment enables powerful individuals to escape accountability, causing the crisis to worsen.

Additionally, effective governance is dependent on the delegation of power and the performance of local authorities. Local governments in Pakistan have remained mostly dysfunctional, resulting in citizens being denied meaningful participation in decision-making processes. The lack of local body empowerment has caused a centralized system that doesn’t meet people’s needs. The impact on public service delivery has been significant. The service provided by local bodies ensures people’s needs are met with their consent and choice. The idea of transferring power to the grass-root level has failed due to the dynastic nature of political parties. Consequently, the dream of good governance remains an unattainable ideal, with citizens feeling excluded and alienated from the governance process.

“Decentralization, Democracy and Development: Recent Experience from Sierra Leone” by John D. Montgomery delves into the advantages of devolution and its ability to promote better governance. Local bodies can enhance service delivery, promote citizen participation and strengthen accountability through empowerment. In addition to this, accountability and transparency serve as the bedrock of good governance. However, in Pakistan, weak accountability mechanisms and a lack of transparency have impeded progress. Public trust in institutions has been eroded by corruption, nepotism and favouritism, further undermining the dream of good governance. The absence of strong accountability systems has worsened the crisis by allowing systemic abuses to continue. Accountability and transparency require a robust institutional framework that holds corrupt individuals accountable while avoiding political victimization.

Pakistan’s inability to achieve this dream undermines the principles of good governance. Good governance necessitates a joint endeavour to bolster accountability organizations, advance transparency and ensure that those in authority are answerable for their deeds. The book “The Iron Law of Oligarchy” by Robert Michels discusses the difficulties of transparency and accountability in democratic organizations. According to him, power tends to centralize in a few individuals, which weakens accountability and causes failures in governance.

Furthermore, inclusive institutions form the backbone of good governance. By promoting efficiency and closing loopholes that cause suffering to people, inclusive institutions provide people in a country with maximum benefits. Inclusive institutions promote strong bonds across different segments of society by translating the idea of parity and equality into reality. However, extractive institutions empower only a few individuals. The principles of meritocracy are undermined by such institutions, creating resentment in the social structure. Talented individuals and disadvantaged groups are marginalized through this exclusionary approach, hindering their participation in the governance process.

Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson explore how institutions shape the destiny of nations in their book “Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty. The argument is that inclusive institutions lead to good governance and economic prosperity, while extractive institutions lead to poverty and inequality. To establish good governance, Pakistan needs to adopt inclusive governance, which involves protecting the rights and interests of all citizens without discrimination and making decisions collectively. Moreover, efficient service delivery is crucial for good governance. To provide effective service, taking proactive measures is necessary to fulfil people’s needs and aspirations, saving them from unwanted troubles.

Establishing effective mechanisms for delivering services has been a challenge for Pakistan. The provision of essential services to the public has been hindered due to inadequate infrastructure, a shortage of skilled human resources and political tragedies. The compromised state of affairs has led to poor service delivery and its consequences for the people. Without efficient public service delivery, good governance is only a distant dream.

The dream of good governance is still unfulfilled as citizens face difficulties in accessing quality education, healthcare and basic amenities. To bridge this gap, it’s important to prioritize improving service delivery systems, invest in infrastructure development and promote the nation’s capacity building. Stephen P. Osborne examines different methods to enhance governance and improve service delivery in his book “The New Public Governance Emerging Perspectives on the Theory and Practice of Public Governance.” Efficient and effective public service provision is crucial for achieving good governance outcomes, as he highlights.

Pakistan’s pursuit of good governance is hindered by challenges related to the rule of law, working of local government, accountability and transparency, extractive institutions, inefficient service delivery, nepotism, corruption, political divisions and institutional rivalries. To reverse this trend, we must make a concerted effort to promote inclusive governance, accountability, transparency and the eradication of nepotism and corruption. We must resolve political differences through consensus and uphold the principles of separation of powers. It is necessary to alter the governance mechanism to guarantee the provision of basic amenities to the public.

Pakistan can transform its governance structure and improve the lives of its people by learning from successful governance models around the world. The absence of an improved governance mechanism will prevent the state from achieving economic, social and political prosperity. Strong willpower is all it takes. Willingness to make sacrifices to transform the governing structure of the country is necessary, but are we ready? Indeed, it won’t happen on its own, we have to make it happen.

#23                     by Waqar Hassan

Developing nations and 5th generation warfare

TECHNOLOGY has become a tool to change the nature of warfare in the fast-changing world. In today’s world, a nation cannot survive solely on advanced weaponry; it must also prioritize intellectual and social progress. By modernizing its defence systems and investing in its people, the developed world has made itself capable of fighting modern wars. Wars in the modern era transcend borders and the emergence of fifth-generation warfare necessitates training the general population to combat this deadly form of conflict. Developed countries have been successful in this realm, but developing ones are finding it challenging to reach this milestone. The path to progress and stability for developing countries is fraught with challenges. One of the primary challenges is to combat the menace of fifth-generation warfare. All nations suffer from fifth-generation warfare, but the people of developing countries face serious challenges.

The social integration and cohesion of many developing countries have been overpowered by the social evil of fifth-generation warfare due to ineffective leadership. These underdeveloped nations have developed rifts in their social structures that cause this curse to divide and damage delicate parts of social unity. Social discord, as a formidable adversary, is a common occurrence in developing countries. Moreover, social damage is catalyzed by pervasive illiteracy, impaired growth, lawlessness and fake propaganda in developing countries. Societies with high levels of joblessness, poverty and elite capture are susceptible to the spread of fifth-generation warfare. In developing nations, the monster of fifth-generation warfare exploits these loopholes to cause destruction.

Illiteracy is a constant issue that creates a cycle of vulnerability, open to exploitation in fifth-generation warfare. When education is inaccessible, people lack critical thinking skills and become vulnerable to misinformation and extremist ideologies. The absence of education in this context becomes a breeding ground for social harm. This eradicates the line between truth and lies, ensnaring individuals in manipulative schemes. In such societies, enemy states launch the curse of fifth-generation warfare converting indigenous people into the elements of chaos and destruction. In this context, Nicholas Carr’s “The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains” exposes the risks of misinformation and susceptibility to manipulation among individuals with limited education and critical thinking skills.

Additionally, the tentacles of fifth-generation warfare grab a nation if the nation faces a lack of socio-economic development. Such a kind of development is a pipe dream in many developing countries due to limited resources. The absence of progress leads to frustration and resentment in the people, creating a fertile ground for fifth-generation warfare to inflict on a nation. External forces with malicious intent exploit grievances to incite and manipulate hatred, inflaming social tension and tearing apart the social fabric of a country. The resultant escalation in social conflict hampers the nation’s overarching progress and stability. Paul Collier’s “The Bottom Billion” offers a thorough examination of the obstacles that developing countries must overcome to attain sustainable development. Taming the uncontrolled monster of fifth-generation warfare is crucial to prevent chaos and destruction in society.

Fifth-generation warfare’s arsenal depends on the insidious spread of propaganda, exploiting the limited media literacy and critical thinking skills that remain pervasive in developing countries. The spread of manipulative stories and false information leads to disorder and uncertainty which can destroy social unity. In developing countries, where anti-state propaganda is confusing, misinformation is a powerful weapon. External actors perpetuate social conflict by exploiting these differences, harming national development. In “Propaganda: The Formation of Men’s Attitudes,” Jacques Ellul explores how propaganda influences public perception and the challenges faced by societies with limited media literacy. Developing nations are vulnerable to fifth-generation warfare due to the inability of people to identify false propaganda spread by anti-state elements.

Rampant poverty and lawlessness further weaken the social and political unity of developing countries, making them more vulnerable to fifth-generation warfare tactics. It happened when the world witnessed the wind of revolution toppling governments in the Middle East. The Arab Spring caught dictatorial governments off guard. Still, it ultimately worsened the situation in Arab states, with fifth-generation warfare spreading and leading to social disintegration, political conflicts and even civil war. The consequences of fifth-generation warfare are more catastrophic than one can imagine. To protect their people from the unfathomable negative effects of fifth-generation warfare, developing countries need to introspect their social, economic and political sectors.

Education and media literacy initiatives must be prioritized by developing nations to combat the vulnerabilities of modern warfare. Critical thinking skills equip individuals to resist manipulation and recognize the true intent behind propaganda. When comprehensive education systems invest in media literacy programs, citizens are empowered to make informed judgments and strengthen their defences against anti-state external influences. Advancing toward inclusive and sustainable development is crucial for developing countries to address underlying causes of social conflict. Bridging socio-economic disparities, fostering growth opportunities and bolstering infrastructure can help sovereign states reduce susceptibility to manipulation and assuage grievances.

In the battle against fifth-generation warfare, international collaboration is vital. Advanced nations can provide valuable insights to developing nations through partnerships which can help counter propaganda and improve stability. To confront the multifaceted challenges of fifth-generation warfare, a collective approach needs to be developed focusing on nurturing cooperation and sharing knowledge. Governments, civil society organizations and the international community need to realize the grave impact of this malice on the global community. The world being a global village means that fifth-generation warfare’s tsunami can create ripples across it. Hate crimes are on the rise worldwide and are linked to fifth-generation warfare.

Leaders of developing countries need to work together to mend the fractures that have divided their nations. Developing countries’ ability to survive in a changing world could be jeopardized if they fail to comprehend the severity of this warfare. Wisdom can be the key to defeating fifth-generation warfare for developing nations. Failing to take action promptly will result in the corrosion of their social, economic and political structures, leaving their countries unsupported and at risk of collapse.

 

#24

Of unjust societies

CONTEMPLATE a world where fairness and equal opportunities are only distant dreams. In the course of history, societies have come into being with the lofty purpose of offering a level ground for everyone, encouraging the production of wealth and endurance. This idea has been but a faint spark in the records of mankind with only a small number of exceptions. Due to their unquenchable thirst for power, human societies have grown by taking over weaker nations. Sadly, this era does not differ from the past. Even in modern societies, especially those that are developing, the idea of a just society is still a far-off vision. Elite capture is the factor that has obstructed the advancement of societies.

The common practice of adoring heroes in these places keeps a system going where the elite have control over the majority. The South Asian region has seen a resurgence of this mentality, even after the era of Enlightenment that ended the oppressive rule of the privileged in the Western world. Unfortunately, the implications of this reality are severe for everyone in our society. Without the essential elements of justice and fairness in the social structure, people turn to taking the law into their own hands, looking for power and influence by any means necessary. These unjust societies cause a power struggle that lasts, creating a chaotic foundation of lawlessness.

It’s an oddity how an unjust society can keep going. Such a society is full of gaps that are used for the benefit of the elite and to the detriment of the others. Everyone is subjected to injustice in a system like this, except those who manage to accumulate power slyly. In these communities, the display of power becomes a phenomenon, where wicked objectives are carried out without repercussions. These types of societies never reach a level of sustainability when it comes to politics, social unity and economic success. Instead, people band together in factions, safeguarding their ideologies and interests to ensure their survival. Consequently, the element of national integration, a vital ingredient for societal harmony, withers away, allowing the poison of inequality to plague every dimension of life.

In an unjust society, the tools that should bring success and prosperity to a nation are instead used to benefit a small group of privileged individuals, who hoard all the resources for their gain. Justice is quickly given to those who are wealthy and influential, while the disadvantaged struggle to get justice. As the influential and wealthy strengthen their control of society, the average person confronts incomprehensible difficulties, while those in position of power discover themselves encompassed by limitless possibilities to acquire wealth and abundance. In an unfair society, education becomes a commodity only the wealthy can access, leaving the poorer members of society to suffer in a cruel twist of fate. Possibilities for making a life-altering difference become a far-off aspiration.

People in these oppressive societies, weighed down by their suffering, often fantasize about sparking a revolution to bring a real change. As a result, political stability becomes a distant dream, leading to an increase in criminal activity with the loss of life of innocent people going unnoticed in the tumult. Within these societies, the elite and their cronies bask in affluence, revelling in unprecedented power. In their realm, no one dares to question the legitimacy of their actions, further cementing their grip on authority. Politics devolves into a mere family business with the middle class and the poor relegated to the sidelines or forced to serve the whims of the wealthy in their quest for power. The most heartbreaking part of these societies is the disregard for intellectual ability. To keep their authority, rulers allow society to suffer from the burden of mental destitution. The success of these societies is dependent on the blood of the guiltless who take the brunt of the wrongdoers.

Over time, the pressure and demands of victims trapped in an unjust environment mount to an unbearable level. The revolution eventually breaks out, wiping out all in its wake and leaving a lasting state of chaos and disarray. These societies never progress, but instead suffer an unavoidable collapse. Regrettably, until the flames of disaster engulf them, the citizens remain in misery in all parts of life. The intellectuals within such societies, yearning to satisfy their inner beings, often seek refuge elsewhere, leaving behind a void that is filled by mindless individuals who further exploit the vulnerable, transforming society into a jungle. All societies that nurture unjust rules inevitably succumb to social disorder. Even those who hold power and accumulate wealth become victim of their creation. The loopholes that the powerful exploit to fulfil their vested interests eventually turn into poison for them. This is the fate that awaits all dictators, as their unfortunate end looms.

For any society to flourish, a bedrock of justice must be established. A just society permits the flourishing of its citizens without prejudice, unveiling the key to sustained growth and development. A fair society begins when everybody agrees that all resources should be divided among all members. Regardless of the social group, the equitable distribution of resources, equal provision of opportunities and the establishment of true democratic norms are crucial to fashioning a just society. The time has come for introspection within our society. We must confront the tendencies that perpetuate injustice, plugging all the loopholes that corrode the very foundations of our social structure. Aiding the provision of equal opportunities will restrain the expansion of hatred and division in society.

We must work towards providing equal education and job opportunities, empowering women, ensuring justice for all and making those in power accountable and transparent, to create a just and equitable society. We must recognize history’s remembrance of both tyrants and reformers, but it is those who champion justice and equality become the true heroes of mankind. These people, the pillars of human history, create a lasting legacy that echoes through the years, steering us to a brighter future. Aren’t we far away from developing such kinds of societies? Indeed, we are.

 

 

 

#25                     by Waqar Hassan

Character as a shield for nations

GOOD character leads to fortune – without a doubt. What happens if nations don’t keep to their character? They suffer eternal extinction. Had it not been for this, the Greeks and Romans wouldn’t have seen a downfall. A once prosperous and proud civilization was brought to its knees due to a dearth of moral principles. The strong families and morals that had once been the foundation of Roman greatness were eventually abandoned in favour of laxity and weakness. Character paves the way toward the long-term survival and growth of nations. Is it possible for countries to set aside the fundamentals of character and still thrive? It’s like asking for a rainbow on a dark, dismal night. Is it feasible for a nation to stray away from its traditional cultural values and remain successful? It’s like expecting rain while the sun is at its brightest.

How can the symbol of success, the hummingbird, make a home in the land of a nation devoid of the virtue of character? Regrettably, the oppressive shadow of moral and ethical downfall prevails over the lands where character strength dwindles. Can a nation accomplish considerable progress if its leaders dismiss the blessing the strength of character offers to them? It is like hoping for a refreshing gust of air in Death Valley. Furthermore, how can women and children feel safe if a nation does not educate its men to guard them, even if it means sacrificing their own lives – a characteristic of a strong moral base? For nations to survive, they must concentrate on cultivating the moral strength of their citizens as weakness in character creates a breeding ground for maliciousness to grow. This presents a lesson of what can transpire if a nation ignores its core values.

The character of nations is the deciding factor of their success or failure in every area of life. Throughout its history, Japan has placed a significant emphasis on cultivating a strong sense of character and moral values. Bushido and the Samurai code of honour have been major factors in shaping Japanese society and its cultural values. Japan’s strength to persevere in the face of difficulties has been enhanced by its adherence to loyalty, courage and self-discipline. Singapore’s emphasis on character development and moral values has played a large part in its remarkable economic growth and social stability. The government has implemented plans to foster civic-mindedness, social cohesion and accountability among its citizens. The success of Singapore has been shaped, in part, by its promotion of a national character that emphasizes hard work, discipline and communal harmony.

The success of nations is rooted in cultivating moral strength in their people. When a society is rooted in virtuousness, sons and daughters can live without fear and insecurity. Transparency, accountability, equality and the equitable allocation of resources are the cornerstones of such a society. Strengthening social character leads to increased tolerance, patience and respect for others, which can have a profound effect on society. Unfortunately, our nation has not been able to develop due to the many evils we’ve encountered, which implies that we have overlooked the value of cultivating the principles of character-building. Our youth today think that to be successful, they must link up with powerful elites. This isn’t their fault. We have created a social order that offers advantages to those who gain influence with the powerful, resulting in this situation.

We are not teaching the younger generation that having strong ethics will help them stay on the right track and lead to success, but instead that they have to have money and power to get by, even if it means going against their values. The young people have little respect for moral and ethical values, which is an indication of a weakening of the foundations of ethical values. Our women and children do not feel secure in this community. It only takes a single post on social media to ruin someone’s reputation, regardless of whether the claim has any truth behind it. Our nation lacks the beauty of respecting each other and growing together. Our selfishness has resulted in a downward spiral of moral and ethical decline.

We have been granted a splendid past and Islamic principles put a lot of weight on the growth of a nation’s character. It is time to reclaim our ethical, cultural and moral values to break free from our current level of decline in character. Protecting our culture and civilization is the first step towards strengthening the moral code of conduct of society. Acknowledging that our survival is in jeopardy is necessary. The family system needs to take on the task of teaching fundamental moral and ethical values. Educational institutions also play a cardinal role in this context. Rather than rushing through curriculum, schools, colleges and universities should emphasize character growth. We are living in an environment where brawn is favoured. It has disrupted the values that include good character. Our leaders, scholars and civil society need to play their part.

Our political parties can modify the national character by promoting the principles of impartiality, observance of the law, forbearance and interdependence. Through this process, we can ensure safety and security in our society and also build up individuals who will take our nation to greatness. A nation’s character should be held in high regard as it serves as protection. Without it, we will fall into subjugation and ruin. The Babylonian, Persian, Macedonian, Mongol, Greek and Roman civilizations all saw a decline in morality and character when the ruling group and the society relaxed their moral and ethical code. If societies keep moral codes in place for extended periods, they achieve the highest level of prosperity. Indeed, character growth produces individuals who become guardians and role models. We will further lose our invaluable moral values if we don’t take measures to guard our morality and character. Nevertheless, we must remember that if fail to respond timely, the history of the decline of nations owing to the weakness of their character will repeat itself.