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It is becoming increasingly difficult to keep track of all that ails Pakistan. 2023 was essentially a year where crises across the political, economic, and security domains coalesced in a way that few could have imagined. And while the near- and long-term implications of the collapse of post-2008 democratic order are yet to fully play out, the economic crisis has reached a point where even urban upper-class citizens are beginning to feel the pinch. Here are the key events that perhaps sum up the agony of 2023. Inflation — a monster that refuses to be tamed Pakistani media is known to use the  “mehengai ka toofan”  [storm of inflation] line to grasp the attention of inattentive eyeballs, but 2023 was truly the year when inflation destroyed the remaining confidence across households. The depreciating currency, rising energy prices, and the second-and third-order effects on yet another ongoing IMF programme ensured that inflation continued to wreak havoc across large swathes of t...

Pashto, Dari, and Farsi languages are spoken in Southern and Central Asian countries. Dari, Farsi, and Pashto are all Aryan (Iranian) languages belonging to the Indo-European language family. While Dari and Farsi are two accents of the same language, Pashto is a different language. Dari, Farsi, and Pashto both use the Arabic Alphabet, but they are completely different from the Arabic language. Where are the languages spoken? Pashto is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan; it is the national language and the lyrics of the Afghan national anthem. Dari is the other official language of Afghanistan. It is spoken as a native language in the north and west of Afghanistan and it is also a common language of communication in the capital city, Kabul. Dari and Farsi are two accents of the same language. Dari is also called Farsi in Afghanistan while it is mostly referred to as Farsi in Iran. Farsi is also called Persian in the English language.  In this article, Dari is referred ...

The National Security Policy of Pakistan is a comprehensive framework that outlines the country's approach to ensuring its security and protecting its national interests. The policy is formulated by the government and is based on an assessment of the country's security challenges, both internal and external. The key elements of Pakistan's National Security Policy include: 1. Defense and Military Strategy: The policy outlines the country's defense and military strategy, including the allocation of resources for defense and the development of military capabilities to deter and defend against external threats. 2. Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency: Given Pakistan's internal security challenges, the policy includes a strategy for combating terrorism and insurgency within the country, as well as addressing the root causes of extremism. 3. Nuclear Deterrence: Pakistan's National Security Policy also addresses the country's nuclear deterrence strategy, includin...

The evaluation process in Pakistan is an important aspect of education, employment, and performance assessment. In the education sector, students are evaluated through various methods such as exams, quizzes, assignments, and projects. The evaluation system in Pakistan is often criticized for being too focused on rote memorization and not promoting critical thinking and practical application of knowledge. In the employment sector, evaluation is conducted through performance appraisals, which are used to assess an employee's work performance and provide feedback for improvement. However, the process is often subjective and lacks transparency, leading to dissatisfaction among employees. In terms of performance assessment, there is a growing emphasis on using data-driven evaluation methods to measure the impact of various programs and policies. This includes the use of surveys, interviews, and other assessment tools to gather feedback from stakeholders and measure the effectiveness of ...

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an organization comprising eight member states in South Asia, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Established in 1985, SAARC aims to promote regional cooperation and development in various areas such as economics, trade, agriculture, environment, and culture. The organization provides a platform for member states to address common challenges and work towards mutual prosperity. SAARC facilitates dialogue and collaboration among member countries to address issues such as poverty alleviation, regional security, and disaster management. Through its various mechanisms and summits, SAARC seeks to foster peace, stability, and economic integration in the South Asian region. Despite its potential, SAARC has faced challenges in achieving its objectives due to geopolitical tensions and conflicts among member states. Issues such as cross-border terrorism, territorial disputes, an...

                                             #Context 1# Social media’s impact on perception, authenticity, and Social Harmony 2#  Social media — a reflection of social demise 3#  Education for character 4# TikTok and our youth — a national dilemma 5# Ramifications of Social Injustice 6#  Addressing social downfall 7#  Water crisis and national unity 8# Iqbal’s philosophy and youth’s   success 9#  Social media has destroyed real-life communication 10#  Water — the next flash point 11#  Of enlightened citizenry 12#  The challenge of functional representative democracies 13#   Of class struggle and social revolution 14#  Critical thinking and our education system 15#  Ways to transform our education sector 16#  The water misery 17#  Of careful education 18#  Becoming a harmless being 19#...